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Eye electrophysiology is a form of EEG that includes different tests to measure the activity of the retina, it can help check for diseases of the retina.
1. Indications for eye electrophysiology
Eye electrophysiology is used to check for problems such as:
- Damage to the retina from drugs or other substances.
- Loss of central or peripheral vision due to retinal problems.
- Night blindness (difficulty seeing in low light) or color blindness.
- Eye problems due to vascular diseases.
- Find where the problem is in the inner ear, brain, or the nerves that connect them, causing dizziness, or loss of balance.
- Look for any damage to structures or nerves in the inner ear, brain, or the nerves that connect them.
Eye electrophysiology includes methods such as:
- Electromyography (ENG) measures normal eye movements and involuntary rapid eye movements known as nystagmus.
- Electron angiography (ERG): helps determine how the cones are working. These cells help detect light and color. This test also looks at other cells in the retina
- Electromyography is used to help diagnose problems with the retina. Retinal diseases such as Best's disease (congenital macular degeneration) and retinitis pigmentosa. Other types of macular dystrophy.
Bệnh nhân được chỉ định điện sinh lý mắt khi gặp vấn đề của võng mạc
- Visual evoked response (VER) measures how well the entire visual pathway between the eye and brain is functioning. The test can be used to check for or evaluate conditions such as retinal problems, optic nerve problems, and multiple sclerosis.
2. Purpose of electromyogram
EEG is a type of EEG test used in eye exams to check the muscles that control eye movement. An EKG checks how well the eyes, inner ear, and brain help with balance and posture (such as when changing from lying down to standing).- Electromyography is done to help see if there is damage or problems in the inner ear, brain, or the nerves that connect them. These problems can cause dizziness or loss of balance.
- The nystagmus occurs normally when moving the head. But nystagmus that doesn't move the head or nystagmus that doesn't go away can be caused by problems affecting the inner ear, brain, or the nerves that connect them.
During ophthalmogram, electrodes are attached to the face near the eye to record eye movements. The movements are recorded on chart paper. A series of recordings are made.
Baseline recording is done with the head resting. Multiple recordings are made during the eye exam:
- While moving the head up and down, left and right.
- While looking at a moving object.
- After warm or cold water (or air) is pumped inside the ear.
Điện động nhãn đồ giúp kiểm tra các vấn đề về mắt, tai trong và não
Results are normal if there are no abnormal involuntary eye movements during the procedural eye exam. Some nystagmus occurs normally when the head is turned. Calorie test results are normal if involuntary eye movements are of normal direction and intensity.
Results are abnormal if nystagmus with head turning does not go away within a specific time or is normal. Calorie test results are abnormal if there is less eye movement or no eye movement during the test. Possible abnormal results:
- Find nerve or structural damage in the ear or brain that affects balance.
- Meniere's disease, multiple sclerosis, or labyrinthitis are present or a brain disease or have had a stroke.
Eye electrophysiological methods are applied in eye examination to help detect eye diseases early and promptly, thereby improving treatment efficiency and recovery in patients.
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