Currently, there is a lot of information available on the market about the intravenous drug Gliatilin, but this data is still not comprehensive. So, what is Gliatilin 400mg and what are its uses?
1. What is Gliatilin 400mg?
Gliatilin 400mg contains the main ingredient Choline alfoscerate (alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine or Alpha-GPC) and is packaged in soft gelatin capsules, with a blister pack of 14 capsules, each containing 400mg. It is produced by Italfarmaco S.p.A – Spain. The drug belongs to the category of neuroprotective agents and is used in the treatment of conditions related to dementia, traumatic brain injury, and stroke.
Choline alfoscerate is a nootropic phospholipid that contains choline. Choline alfoscerate increases the release of acetylcholine in the hippocampus of mice, facilitating learning and memory in experimental animals, improving brain transmission mechanisms, and reducing age-dependent structural changes that occur in brain regions related to learning and memory. This compound has neuroprotective effects in models of altered cholinergic transmission and cerebral vascular damage. In clinical studies, choline alfoscerate has been shown to improve memory and attention deficits, as well as symptoms of emotional and somatic disorders in dementia-related conditions.
2. What is the mechanism of action of Gliatilin 400 mg
Gliatilin is a nootropic drug that primarily acts on the central nervous system. The release of choline from the active ingredient occurs in the brain; choline is involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine (one of the main neurotransmitters responsible for neuronal excitation). Alfoscerate is biologically converted into glycerol phosphate, which is a precursor of phospholipids.
Acetylcholine enhances the transmission of nerve impulses, and glycerophosphate is involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (a membrane phospholipid). Therefore, the elasticity of the membrane and the function of receptors are improved.
Gliatilin increases cerebral blood flow, enhances metabolic processes, and activates the structures of the brain's reticular formation, as well as restoring consciousness following brain injury.
It has preventive and restorative effects on the factors of psychiatric syndrome, such as changes in the phospholipid composition of neuronal membranes and reduced cholinergic activity.
Thus, pharmacodynamic studies have shown that Gliatilin acts at the synapse, facilitating cholinergic nerve impulse transmission; it affects the plasticity of nerve membranes and receptor function.
2.1. Indications for Gliatilin 400mg
- Acute stage of traumatic brain injury (including cases of altered consciousness and coma);
- Cerebral circulation disorders of the ischemic type (acute and recovery stages) and hemorrhagic type (recovery stage);
- Degenerative psychological syndromes and the consequences of cerebrovascular insufficiency, such as primary and secondary disorders of memory functions, characterized by memory impairment, confusion, disorientation, decreased motivation, apathy, and concentration;
- Changes in the emotional and behavioral sphere: unstable emotions, increased irritability, loss of interest; pseudo-melancholia in the elderly;
- Depressive pseudodementia
- Multi-infarct dementia.
2.2. Contraindications for Gliatilin 400mg
- Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any component of Gliatilin.
- Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant: Studies have shown that Gliatilin does not cause teratogenic effects or embryotoxicity. However, to ensure maximum safety, it is advised that mothers do not take the medication without a doctor's prescription. The benefits of medication should not be placed above the potential impact on the fetus.
2.3. Drug Interactions
Medications that, when taken together with Gliatilin 400mg, may reduce its effects include anticholinergic drugs such as physostigmine, succinylcholine, tiotropium bromide, and ipratropium bromide.
Medications that, when taken together with Gliatilin 400mg, may enhance its effects include cholinergic agonists such as muscarine, lobeline, nicotine, bethanechol, and acetylcholine.
2.4. Unwanted Side Effects of Gliatilin 400mg
Although it is a neurological treatment, it can still cause mild side effects such as dizziness, headache, nausea, and lightheadedness (due to dopaminergic activation), as well as allergic reactions.
According to regulations, the medication is well tolerated even with prolonged use. If nausea occurs during the use of Gliatilin, you should consider reducing the dosage.
If these side effects persist and worsen, you should inform your doctor immediately for appropriate management or medical intervention if necessary.
3. How to Use Gliatilin 400mg Effectively
3.1. Oral Administration
- Patients should take the medication before meals, with plenty of water to minimize the drug's impact on the kidneys.
- Swallow the tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or break the tablet.
- Do not adjust the dosage or duration of use compared to the recommendations without the physician's instructions.
- Always read the instructions carefully before use.
3.2. Intramuscular or Slow Intravenous Injection
The administration of Gliatilin via intravenous injection requires close monitoring by the treating physician. In case of an overdose, immediately inform the treating doctor and seek assistance from a qualified professional as quickly as possible.
4. Dosage of Gliatilin 400mg
Patients should adhere to the doctor's instructions; the following reference dosage is provided:
- Take 1 tablet at a time, 2 to 3 times a day.
- Duration of use: 4 weeks or possibly longer, depending on the patient's response.
- In cases of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, emotional and behavioral changes, and multi-infarct dementia, the medication is taken orally at 400 mg (1 tablet) three times a day. The treatment duration is 3 to 6 months.
For oral administration, patients should carefully read the instructions and follow the dosage prescribed by the doctor. Do not increase or decrease the dosage on your own, even if symptoms improve.
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