This is an automatically translated article.
Daily energy needs are very important, if nutrition is not suitable for physiological, pathological or unhygienic properties, the child's body will be underdeveloped, slow to grow, unhealthy from then on. easily lead to diseases.
1. The role of daily energy requirements in children
Nutrition is a process of providing energy (calories) from food for the purpose of nourishing the body. Therefore, the issue of eating is very necessary for the health of children.
If the child's diet is not suitable for physiological, pathological or unhygienic properties, the child's body will be underdeveloped, slow to grow, unhealthy, thereby easily leading to diseases. If this situation is prolonged, it will lead to weight loss, organizational destruction and malnutrition in children. However, if there is excess nutrition (lack of other nutrients but excess protein), it will adversely affect the structure and parts of cells, thereby increasing the risk of obesity, blood diseases. pressure or heart rate... Therefore, the calculation of calorie needs is a very important factor for the health of children.
2. Calculation of children's calorie needs by age
2.1. About children's energy needs In terms of daily energy needs, the main source is starch in rice, flour, potatoes, sugar, and honey. For children under 1 year old, the main calorie requirement by weight is 100-200 Kcal/Kg/day. For older children, the calculation of calorie needs is as follows: 1000 Kcal + 100 x age (X is the age).2.2. Protein needs (protein) Protein needs account for 12-14% of the child's daily energy needs. Because children need a lot of protein to develop tissues, cells and synthesize enzymes for the metabolism of hormones as well as antibodies to prevent disease. Protein includes amino acids. With breast milk, 100ml of breast milk will provide 61 Kcal; 88.3g of water; 1.5 grams of protein; 3g lipid and 7g glucide. As for 100gr of pork, lean fish will provide an average of 20g of protein... Calculation of protein needs is as follows: Body weight x 3.
2.3. Fat requirements (lipids) Fat makes up 60% of the brain's composition, but it is not converted into energy, but mainly forms myelin to conduct nerve impulses. The younger the child, the higher the need for fat as a % of energy.
Specifically, for children < 6 months old, fat accounts for 50% of energy needs; for children 6-12 months old, fat accounts for 45%; with children 1-3 years old, fat accounts for 40%; and for children 4-10 years old fat 30%. Calculation of fat requirements in children is as follows:
Children 0-12 months: 1.5 - 2.3 grams/kg body weight/day; Children 1-3 years old: 1.5 - 2 g ram/kg body weight/day.
Nhu cầu chất béo (lipid) đối với trẻ cần dựa trên thể trạng và độ tuổi của trẻ
2.4 Carbohydrates Sugar will keep children full for a long time and provide the main energy in meals. Sugar is mainly provided by grains, vegetables, tubers and fruits. Energy due to sugar should account for about 55-60% of the total energy of the daily diet in young children.
2.5. Vitamin A, B1, B2, B12, C, E are vitamins that the brain needs directly. Therefore, these vitamins are very important for children.
Vitamin A is involved in the synthesis of albumin by the nervous system. If this vitamin is lacking, the child's eyes will not see clearly; Vitamin B1 is an indispensable vitamin for brain development and thinking ability; Vitamin B2 is used as an energy source for the brain; Vitamin B6 is a vitamin involved in the metabolism of Albumin. This vitamin will have the effect of supporting the catalysts in the brain; Vitamin B12 is very important, because a lack of this vitamin will lead to anemia, the brain cannot get oxygen as well as nutrients; Vitamin C is necessary for the connection and assembly of brain cells; Vitamin E has the effect of slowing down the aging process of the brain. 2.6. The need for minerals and trace elements Iron has the main task of bringing oxygen to the brain; Calcium helps calm the nervous system; Phosphorus is often combined with calcium. Fat phosphorus is an important component of the brain; Zinc is a constituent of solvents in the brain, so it is very important; Copper: Involved in the absorption of iron, it is the carrier of oxygen to the brain, which is very important; Yeast found in wood ear, agar, dried fish, skimmed milk, pork.... Mar-gar is effective in activating solvents. Therefore, it is necessary to provide enough minerals and trace elements to meet the daily energy needs of children.
2.7. Water requirements Water makes up 75% of an infant's body mass and 65% of an adult's body mass. Therefore, it is necessary to provide enough water for children every day.
Children average 120 - 150ml/Kg; Older children 50ml/Kg. In hot weather, it needs 2 times 3 times. In short, the development of organs in the body requires adequate nutrients such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water to provide adequate energy needs. every day for children to develop comprehensively physically as well as mentally and intellectually.
Cha mẹ cần cung cấp đủ nước hàng ngày cho trẻ em
In addition, children in the developmental stage are very susceptible to respiratory problems, respiratory infections, skin diseases and gastrointestinal infections... parents need to pay special attention to the care and provision of adequate nutrition for children. The pediatric department at Vinmec International General Hospital is the address for receiving and examining diseases that infants and young children are susceptible to: viral fever, bacterial fever, otitis media, pneumonia in children. ,... With a system of modern facilities, medical equipment, sterile space, minimizing the impact as well as the risk of disease spread.
Besides, children who don't eat properly are at risk of micro-mineral deficiency causing anorexia, growth retardation, malabsorption,... If they notice the above signs, parents should supplement for them. Children's support products containing lysine, essential micro-minerals and vitamins such as zinc, chromium, selenium, and B vitamins to help fully meet the nutritional needs of children. At the same time, these essential vitamins also support digestion, enhance nutrient absorption, help improve anorexia, and help children eat well.
Parents can learn more:
Signs of zinc deficiency in children
Micronutrient deficiency and failure to gain weight in children
Please regularly visit Vinmec.com website and update useful information to take care of your child. Take care of the baby and the whole family.
