Genetic screening before non-invasive embryo transfer (Ni-PGT)

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was written by Doctor Do Huy Duong - Vinmec Hi-Tech Center.
Pre-implantation genetic screening (PGT-A) using trophoblast biopsies of embryos has been shown to significantly improve pregnancy rates, increasing the success rates of in vitro fertilization techniques. , reduce the rate of miscarriage.

1.Risks of genetic screening before embryo transfer

However, this test still has some risks associated with the trophoblast biopsy including:
The trophoblastic biopsy is a difficult technique that requires a lot of skill from the technician. culture is invasive technique Biopsies may not be representative of the entire embryo. Furthermore, although there are no scientific reports of abnormal perinatal outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, IVF combined with screening Non-invasive prenatal care with biopsy compared with no biopsy showed that children after embryo biopsy took longer to achieve health as children who did not undergo biopsies.
Recently, many scientific reports have demonstrated the presence of embryonic DNA in embryo culture fluid. The non-invasive pre-implantation genetic screening test (Ni-PGT) using embryo culture fluid has the potential to eliminate the embryo biopsy step and thus the risk of invasiveness. Moreover, Ni-PGT helps to reduce labor and reduce costs.

Recently, there are three research directions on how to collect embryo DNA, including:
Absorbing intra-embryonic fluid (Blastocoel embryo) Using embryo culture medium Combining both endometrial fluid and embryo culture fluid Scientific reports Both showed highly similar results between invasive and non-invasive genetic screening before embryo transfer.

2. Expected results

If the Ni-PGT results show no abnormality in the number of chromosomes, then the doctor may consider the option for embryo transfer. A lot of scientific evidence shows that the proportion of embryos with chromosomal abnormalities increases with maternal age. Therefore, older women are more likely to have abnormal embryos than younger women.
However, many reports also show that if embryos recorded with no chromosomal abnormalities are selected for transfer, there is no difference in embryo transfer outcomes between older and younger mothers.

3. Some notes when genetic screening

This test is only applicable to patients undergoing IVF with ICSI Not all embryos secrete sufficient amount of DNA for the test. To maximize the amount of DNA obtained, embryos need to be cultured until day 6. Statistics show that about 4% of embryos do not secrete enough DNA for testing.

4. Test subjects

Elderly women (over 34 years old) Having failed previous IVF Have a history of miscarriage Desire to reduce the risk of miscarriage and fetal genetic abnormalities Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that do not professional quality assurance with a team of leading medical professionals, a system of modern technological equipment, but also outstanding with comprehensive and professional medical examination, consulting and treatment services; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.

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