Functions of Immune Globulin

The article was professionally consulted by Doctor Head of Department of Medical Examination & Internal Medicine, Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital

Immunoglobulins are antibodies, glycoproteins in nature, synthesized by B lymphocytes as well as plasma cells when the body is exposed to antigens, which play a role in helping the immune system recognize and neutralize foreign agents such as bacteria or viruses.

Immunoglobulins, also known as immune serums or immunoglobulins, are immediate, short-term protection against infection with the hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B (hepatitis B immune globulin). tetanus (tetanus immune globulin), measles (measles immune globulin).
Immunoglobulins contain antibodies taken from donor blood. Antibodies are proteins (proteins) that a person's immune system makes to fight disease-causing germs, such as viruses or bacteria.
Immune globulin is safe because it is made from donor blood that has been tested for safety. There have been no reports of blood-borne diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis C in people who have received immune globulin since screening tests became available.

C constant regions: C constant regions are characterized by amino acid sequences that are quite similar between antibodies. The C constant regions do not have the role of antigen recognition, they only serve as a bridge between antibody molecules and immune cells as well as with complement.
V-variable regions: These are regions that differ in amino acid composition between antibodies. Each immunoglobulin has four variable regions at the two-arm end of the letter Y. The combination of a variable region on the heavy chain (VH) and a variable region on the light chain (VL) creates an antigen-recognition site. .
Thus, each globulin has two antigen binding sites. These two sites are the same, through which an antibody molecule is able to bind to two identical antigens. The two arms of the letter Y, also known as the Fab antigen binding (F: fragment, ab: antigen binding), are the part of antigen recognition. The antigenic region that is able to bind to the antibody is called the epitope.

There are two types of immunoglobulins: conventional immunoglobulins and specific immunoglobulins.
Common Immune Globulin Extracted from human blood or plasma. They contain antibodies that fight common infections.
Specific immunoglobulins Are products used to help the body fight specific pathogens such as cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus), diphtheria, hepatitis B, rabies, tetanus, chickenpox or other pathogens. Zoster disease.