Undescended testicles are the most common developmental defect in males. The incidence of undescended testicles in boys is about 3 - 4% at birth, often occurring in low birth weight, premature birth, and twins. However, undescended testicles still pose many potential risks in adults if not treated early.

Currently, there are several methods of treating undescended testicles such as medical treatment with hormones or surgical treatment such as open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. Depending on each case, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate method to bring the best treatment results.

Testicular cancer is a rare disease, accounting for only about 1% of cancers in men and about 5% of cancers of the genitourinary tract. There are many questions surrounding this disease, but the most interested is still whether testicular cancer can be treated or if testicular cancer can have children.