The child's nervous system develops very quickly, the brain weight of a newborn weighs about 400g, by 1 year old it weighs 900-1000g, by 8 years old the brain weighs 1200-1300g, when grown up it is 1400g. The increase in brain weight is the result of the myelination process. The most important process in the development and completion of the nervous system is the myelination of nerve tissue and changes in the cerebral cortex.

Krabbe disease is a rare genetic disorder that destroys the protective layer that covers nerve cells in the brain and throughout the body's nervous system.

Myelin is a fatty substance that surrounds nerve fibers and helps speed up electrical communication between nerve cells. Scientists are studying strategies to protect and repair myelin in diseases where it is damaged, such as multiple sclerosis.