Parkinson's is a chronic degenerative disease of some brain tissues (cortex, substantia nigra) leading to reduced dopamine production. The disease is the second leading cause of disability in the elderly after cerebrovascular diseases. Parkinson's progresses gradually and requires lifelong treatment, causing costs for families and society. However, if diagnosed and treated early and promptly, symptoms and progression of the disease can be reduced.

Mononeuropathy is damage to a nerve, usually a nerve close to the skin and bone. One of the most well-known forms of mononeuropathy is carpal tunnel syndrome.