HIV diagnosis in children under 18 months is performed on children who are exposed to HIV (children born to HIV-infected mothers), children suspected of being infected with HIV or having clinical symptoms suggestive of HIV infection and have positive HIV antibody test results.

HIV testing is the basis for early diagnosis and treatment for people infected with HIV. In particular, HIV diagnosis in children over 18 months will help optimize the effectiveness of treatment and prevention programs. Similarly, HIV diagnosis in adults also helps bring high efficiency in treatment.

HIV in children, especially high-risk children, living in families with HIV-infected people, or children of drug users or sex workers, need to be diagnosed and screened for HIV. Diagnosis of HIV in children will help detect HIV early and effectively treat HIV in children.

If CD4 T-cells are not enough to destroy cells infected with germs, the child's body will be susceptible to many dangerous diseases, of which skin damage is a typical disease.