Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation in the colon, also known as the large intestine. The inflammation can cause swelling and bleeding, as well as frequent diarrhea. These symptoms can be difficult for anyone, especially children. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition. There is no cure unless your child has surgery to remove all of their colon. However, your doctor can help you and your child manage the condition in a number of ways. Treatment for children is often slightly different than treatment for adults.