Normal portal pressure is 5 to 10 mmHg (7 to 14 cm H2O) and is 4 to 5 mmHg higher than the inferior vena cava pressure (portal pressure gradient). Higher values are defined as portal hypertension. This article will focus on analyzing and clarifying the signs, symptoms and treatment of portal hypertension in children.

Vascular Doppler ultrasound is a safe, painless test that helps doctors observe and evaluate blood flow through the main arteries and veins in the body, thereby diagnosing and detecting arteriovenous fistula.