Why is uric acid elevated in preeclampsia?

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1. In which case is uric acid elevated?

Uric acid is a product made from a number of metabolisms taking place inside the human body. Some sources can produce uric acid in the human body, such as food containing purines or endogenous uric acid produced by the reactions of nucleic acids in the body.
When the body absorbs some foods such as meat, fish, etc., a purine metabolism reaction will occur, which will then decompose and produce uric acid. There are two ways uric acid can be eliminated inside the body: elimination through the urine and elimination through the digestive tract.
For the urinary tract, in the human body, the kidneys are known to have a special organ capable of taking on the task of filtering uric acid at an acceptable level, however, when uric acid levels in the body increase If the amount exceeds the controllable level, the kidneys will not be able to handle it in time, resulting in excess uric acid content not being absorbed by the kidneys, which will enter the blood, accumulate and cause dangerous diseases for the patient.
Some common clinical symptoms when patients are faced with high uric acid in the body include:
Fever with chills feeling Difficult urinating Pain in joints in the body due to uric acid crystals deposited at these joints

2. Elevated uric acid in preeclampsia

Some special subjects, including pregnant women, will have some changes in their body, along with a stronger diet than usual, so if not well controlled, it can lead to to high uric acid status during pregnancy. When uric acid levels increase in the first 3 months of pregnancy, it will lead to the risk of preeclampsia as well as gestational diabetes.
For gestational diabetes, a woman's body during pregnancy will not be able to secrete the hormone Insulin, so the blood sugar index is difficult to control at this time, but with preeclampsia, it will often be detected. It occurs at 20 weeks of pregnancy when a urinalysis shows protein in the urine.
At this time, when uric acid is high in preeclampsia, it will have negative effects on the development of the fetus, making the fetus unable to develop as normal.
Some common conditions such as affecting the weight of the fetus, possibly being underweight, causing the fetal weight not to reach the minimum required for growth and development, more dangerous can cause pregnancy died. In addition, elevated uric acid also makes the baby at birth more likely to have some dangerous diseases such as diabetes or congenital heart diseases.

When the mother's body suffers from preeclampsia due to high uric acid, it can leave some preeclampsia complications as follows:
Complications on the mother: diseases related to the central nervous system such as eclampsia, cerebral edema, retinal edema, retinal blindness, cerebral hemorrhage..., urinary tract diseases such as acute renal failure, cortical and tubular necrosis..., hematologic diseases such as hypothyroidism thrombocytopenia, microvascular hemolytic anemia..., respiratory diseases such as pulmonary and laryngeal edema, diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, diseases directly related to obstetrics such as placental abruption, placental abruption premature birth or premature birth. In particular, one of the complications that are rare but most likely to lead to death when a pregnant woman has pre-eclampsia due to high uric acid levels in the blood is a cerebrovascular accident, also known as a stroke. . Other diseases also affect the health of pregnant women when suffering from pre-eclampsia such as HELLP syndrome, DIC, endothelial dysfunction, hemorrhage... Complications on the fetus : fetal growth retardation, preterm pregnancy, neurological complications for the fetus, cardiovascular complications at birth. Therefore, to prevent this condition, pregnant women need to regulate uric acid levels. body in a suitable way by establishing a balanced diet along with maintaining a healthy exercise routine.
Some foods with low purine ingredients such as milk, eggs, fruits, fresh vegetables with dark green leaves, tomatoes... need to be used a lot by women during pregnancy. Some types should be avoided. animal organs, fast food as well as refined sugar because it will increase the risk of uric acid metabolism, causing excess uric acid to cause pre-eclampsia and other dangerous diseases, more importantly, will leave pre-complications. Eclampsia affects the health of both mother and baby.

In addition, drinking a lot of water also contributes to speeding up the uric acid elimination process by the kidneys, but it should be noted that many types of tea and coffee should not be used during pregnancy.
The risk of preeclampsia is completely possible for pregnant women if the uric acid index in the body is not well controlled. High uric acid in preeclampsia also causes other diseases for the mother and fetus in the womb, leaving many dangerous complications.
Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor health during pregnancy, have a suitable diet and rest, and immediately notify the treating doctor when there are any abnormal signs so that timely treatment can be made. physical.
Vinmec International General Hospital offers a Package Maternity Care Program for pregnant women right from the first months of pregnancy with a full range of antenatal care visits, periodical 3D and 4D ultrasounds and routine tests to ensure that the mother is healthy and the fetus is developing comprehensively.
Pregnant women will be consulted and checked for health under the close supervision of experienced and specialized Obstetricians, helping mothers have more knowledge to protect their health during pregnancy as well as reduce reduce complications for mother and child.

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