This is an automatically translated article.
Posted by Pharmacist Nguyen Van Thang - Faculty of Pharmacy - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital
The benefits of antibiotics are very obvious when it comes to disease prevention and health protection, but during antibiotic injection, it is also necessary to prevent anaphylaxis. This is a very common and life-threatening situation.
1. What is anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction, which occurs when the body is exposed to a “foreign” factor, including food, drugs, and other factors.
Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of anaphylaxis caused by sudden dilatation of the entire vasculature and bronchospasm, which can be fatal within minutes.
2. Symptoms of anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis has many different degrees, mild can appear only on the skin and mucous membranes such as: urticaria, itching, to more severe levels including difficulty breathing, chest tightness, abdominal pain, nausea , vomiting, hypotension, syncope, confusion, urinary incontinence, even death.
3. Antibiotics and the risk of anaphylaxis
Every drug used carries the risk of anaphylaxis. However, antibiotics are a group of drugs commonly used and the risk of anaphylaxis is higher than other groups of drugs. According to the World Allergy Organization, beta-lactam antibiotics and sulphonamides are two of the groups of drugs with a high risk of causing allergies. Anaphylactoid reactions can occur at the first time but can also occur at subsequent administrations.
Sử dụng kháng sinh có nguy cơ gây ra sốc phản vệ
4. Is it necessary to do a test before injecting antibiotics?
Currently, according to the regulations of the Ministry of Health, patients with no history of drug allergies are not required to test before injecting antibiotics. However, a skin test should be performed prior to use if the patient has a history of allergy to the drug or related allergen (drug, allergen in the same class or cross-reactivity) or if the patient has a history of anaphylaxis to various allergens. The allergist - clinical immunologist will advise you on the drugs to be tested and the test procedure for you.
5. If you have anaphylaxis, how will you be treated?
Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of anaphylaxis. Usually the doctor will need to use a drug to raise blood pressure, anti-coagulation called adrenaline. In addition, depending on the condition, the doctor may use more anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, bronchodilator drugs. Usually, the patient will be monitored for at least 48 hours from the time of manifestation of an anaphylactic reaction to prevent phase 2 of the reaction.
Anaphylaxis is a dangerous condition, so after antibiotic injection, if the body shows abnormal signs, it is necessary to immediately go to medical facilities to be checked.
Vinmec International General Hospital is a high-quality medical unit with a team of highly qualified, well-trained, professional domestic and foreign doctors, experienced and dedicated. System of advanced, new and modern medical equipment. Treatment techniques are updated regularly and continuously to bring patients the most effective regimens.
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