This is an automatically translated article.
The article was written by BS. Dr. Ho Thu Mai, in charge of Nutrition - Vinmec Times City HospitalWater is an essential nutrient for living organisms. Water helps maintain homeostasis and electrolyte balance in the body. Recently, the need for water has been raised and to prevent unwanted harm caused by dehydration.
Dehydration is the result of not drinking enough water. Acute dehydration occurs when the water intake is 2% or more deficient. Chronic dehydration occurs when there is a lack of water in the body for a long time. Dehydration causes many consequences such as thirst, dry mouth, vague discomfort, loss of appetite, heat disturbance, headache, drowsiness, reduced labor productivity, oliguria... If dehydration is more than 10% of weight body can lead to death.
Minimum water requirement equivalent to daily water loss through sweat, urine, feces, breath and to prevent negative effects of dehydration. The main determinant of water requirements is metabolism.
Water requirement is the amount of water needed to balance the loss of water that the body cannot replace and maintain the amount of water for kidney function. Water needs are influenced by many factors such as physical activity level, ambient temperature, medical condition, diet, clothing, water content in the body...
>>> Amount of water needed for the body in 1 day
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The amount of water lost through feces is about 100 ml/day, through urine = 1100-2000ml/day, through skin and breath = 1000-1200ml/day. If based on energy intake, daily water loss = 1.1 ml/1 Kcal.
Factors that increase water demand are young children, pregnant and lactating women, the elderly, and people with certain medical conditions.
If working in a harsh environment with high temperature, it can take 3-4 liters of sweat.hour. Total daily water loss ranges from 2-16 liters.
The average recommended amount of water is 1 ml/1 Kcal and in special cases 1.5 ml/1 Kcal.
The amount of water for the ages is as follows:
0-6 months: 700ml/day, usually from breast milk or formula 7-12 months: 800ml/day 1-3 years old: 1300ml/day 4- 8 years old: 1700 ml/day 9-13 years old: 2100 ml/day for women and 2400 ml/day for men 14-18 years old: 2200 ml/day for women and 3300 ml/day for men 19 years and older: 2700ml /day for women and 3700ml/day for men. Daily water supply for the body comes from food, drink and filtered water.
For special cases in high temperature environment, intense physical activity and some special diseases, the water demand will change depending on the actual situation.
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