This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Doctor Nguyen Chi Quang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital. Dr. Quang has many years of profound professional experience and strength in the treatment of obstetric and gynecological diseases.Ovarian cyst is a disease in adult women, which significantly affects reproductive health. Testing for ovarian cysts will help in early detection and treatment will be highly effective.
1. Ovarian cyst
The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system. There are two ovaries that produce eggs as well as the hormones progesterone and estrogen. However, due to abnormal growth in the ovaries and a fluid-filled sac called an ovarian cyst occurs.Types of ovarian cysts include: myocystic cyst and organic cyst.
Functional cyst: a tumor that develops due to the endocrine dysfunction of the ovary. Ovarian follicle: when mature, the follicle does not burst, does not ovulate, but continues to grow and secrete estrogen, leading to delayed menstruation. Occurrence of intra-abdominal bleeding, emergency surgery is required when the cyst ruptures in two. Thyroid cyst: common in patients with ovulatory pregnancy, trophoblastic cancer, multiple pregnancies or infertile patients. Organic cyst: is a tumor at risk of cancer due to changes in ovarian organization
Ovarian water cyst: is a common form and accounts for about 40% of ovarian cysts. The presence of proliferating blood vessels on the tumor surface, or the presence of papillae on the surface or in the lumen of the tumor may suggest cancer. Ovarian dermoid cyst: in about 25% of cases, teratomas are common, the tumor structure is very special, the tumor wall has a structure like skin, sebaceous gland, stratum corneum,... even inside In cysts often contain bean residue, teeth, hair, ... Endometriosis cystic: the endometrium grows on the surface of the ovary, causing destruction of other healthy ovarian organizations.
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Torsion of the cyst: can occur in all types of cysts, in which small tumors with long stalks, non-adherent are easy tumors. more twisted. Patients will have continuous, severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Cyst rupture: the patient has sudden abdominal pain, pressing pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Patients may experience shock from blood loss if rupture of the cyst causes internal bleeding. Compression of surrounding organs: This complication often appears late when the tumor is large and has grown for a long time. The tumor will press on the bladder causing frequent urination, and the rectum will cause constipation. Large tumors can compress the inferior vena cava, causing edema of the lower extremities.
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2. Ovarian cyst test
To diagnose ovarian cysts, doctors need to base on clinical symptoms such as age, reproductive history, family history, last menstrual period and other functional symptoms described by the patient. In addition, the doctor will do a physical exam and order some tests for ovarian cysts.Types of ovarian cyst tests include:
Pregnancy test : to rule out pregnancy and distinguish it from an ectopic pregnancy. Because the treatment of ovarian cysts in pregnant and non-pregnant women is different. Ultrasound: preliminary assessment of tumor status such as size, shape, and location. It also assesses the condition of the abdomen, uterus and other appendages. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) : clarify ultrasound results CT scan : diagnose tumor spread Check hormone levels: including levels of LH , FSH , testosterone , estradiol co in the body . CA-125 Serum Test: CA-125 is a protein that is a marker of cancer, appearing in the blood when ovarian cyst cells are present. The test is often indicated in cases of needing to screen for ovarian cancer in high-risk subjects. In addition, the test is also used to monitor cancer treatment or check for cancer recurrence.
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3. When to get tested for ovarian cysts?
Ovarian cysts often have unclear symptoms such as missed periods, menstrual disorders or pain in the lower abdomen, burning pain in the genitals, difficulty in going to the toilet, ... To ensure the safety of women. If you are healthy, the sooner you go to the doctor, the better. Especially women of childbearing age who have had sex.However, testing for ovarian cysts depends on your current health condition, or your doctor's prescription. Some cases can be applied such as:
Go for regular health check-ups and want to check the status of the ovaries. Women who want to get married before getting married want to have a test to check whether the condition of their ovaries affects fertility problems after marriage. When there is suspicion of ovarian cysts, and abnormalities in the reproductive organs. Ovarian ultrasound is a diagnostic method that is easily done, and can be detected promptly when there are abnormal signs. Preliminary assessment of the ovary can be made, its appearance of the tumor, its size, shape, and current location.
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Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of leading medical doctors, modern equipment and technology, but also stands out for its examination and consultation services. comprehensive and professional medical consultation and treatment; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.
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