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Pre-diabetes is a disorder of glucose metabolism that causes high blood sugar levels, but is not yet considered diabetes. The disease will develop into type 2 diabetes and cause serious complications if there is no reasonable adjustment in lifestyle and nutrition.1. What is pre-diabetes?
Normal blood glucose (sugar) in fasting (fasting for at least 8 hours) is between 70-100mg/dL. Prediabetes, also known as prediabetes, is sometimes referred to as impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance.
The patient is diagnosed with diabetes when the fasting blood glucose level is higher than 126mg/dL.
You have prediabetes when your fasting blood glucose is between 100-125 mg/dL, which means your blood glucose is higher than normal.
Prediabetes is defined as impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. This is a combination of impaired insulin production and decreased insulin sensitivity. You are at increased risk of diabetes and heart disease if you have impaired glucose tolerance.
The cause of pre-diabetes is either not enough insulin is produced after eating or the body does not absorb insulin, causing sugar to build up in the blood, causing high sugar levels.
2. Signs of pre-diabetes
Xét nghiệm máu là phương pháp duy nhất để có thể xác định được bệnh
Prediabetes does not cause any symptoms or signs. A blood test is the only way to confirm the disease, testing fasting blood glucose.
Some cases will have symptoms such as frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, thirst, change in skin color. Patients with prediabetes tend to have darker skin tones, especially around the neck, armpits, knees, elbows, and knuckles.
Some subjects are at risk of pre-diabetes such as:
Inactive lifestyle BMI > 25 kg/m2 Subjects over 45 years old Having a relative with diabetes Having diabetes during the period pregnant or you give birth to a baby weighing more than 4 kg Have polycystic ovary syndrome, some symptoms such as irregular periods, obesity.. Subjects with high blood pressure Blood fat is higher than the normal number Subjects who have ever had dyslipidemia: decreased HDL cholesterol or increased Triglycerid Subjects of African, Asian races...
3. Treatment of pre-diabetes
Yếu tố quan trọng nhất là bạn phải giảm cân nếu thừa cân
The most important factor is that you must lose weight because if you are overweight, patients with prediabetes will be more likely to develop diabetes.
Proper diet: To maintain an appropriate weight and lose weight in obese subjects, a suitable diet is required.
Make sure the body is absorbing all the necessary nutrients.
Use healthy foods such as whole grains, unwashed rice, eat a lot of fiber-rich foods to reduce cholesterol absorption in the blood, use vegetable oil instead of animal fat.
Should eat fish at least 2 times a week and use more vegetable protein
Limit the use of foods containing a lot of saturated fat and cholesterol to prevent atherosclerosis in animal fat, intestines, fast food such as fried chicken, snack...
When preparing food, you should reduce salt, avoid adding dipping sauces, and the use of ready-to-eat foods should be limited such as canned meat, salted eggplant, pickles...
Limit the use of fruit juices, soft drinks, candies...
Limit the use of alcohol, tobacco, stimulants...
Regular exercise: Regular exercise help you maintain weight, lose weight in overweight and obese subjects, reduce excess fat accumulation, reduce sugar intolerance, prevent osteoporosis
Exercise intensity must In accordance with the health status of each subject, you can consult with your doctor to choose the right form of exercise. Exercise should be at a moderate intensity and then gradually increased. Some forms of exercise are easy to do such as walking, swimming...
Regularly check and monitor your health to detect diabetes early. More than 50% of people with pre-diabetes will be at risk. risk of developing diabetes in 5-10 years. Therefore, in addition to the implementation of a reasonable diet and appropriate exercise, you need to regularly monitor your health periodically and screen for diseases to detect diseases early in order to have timely treatment to avoid dangerous complications. danger caused by diabetes.
Besides, drugs can be used to treat impaired fasting glucose to prevent diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The drugs tested included metformin, acarbose, ACE-inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.
People with pre-diabetes are often less able to detect the disease based on the signs and symptoms of the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor and periodically examine the disease in order to detect the disease early for timely treatment to avoid the risk of progression to diabetes and the risk of serious complications.
At Vinmec Hospital, we always deploy a screening package for diabetes and dyslipidemia to help detect pre-diabetes early, accurately classify diabetes type, develop a nutritional regimen, and monitor the treatment of diabetes. risks and complications caused by diabetes.
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
