What is a gynecological examination?

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted with Specialist Doctor II Huynh Thi Hien - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital.
For women who have ever had a gynecological examination, the examination and examination process can be understood by everyone. But for women who go to the doctor for the first time, especially girls who have not had sex, it is a matter of concern.

1. Why do you need to see a gynecologist?

According to statistics of the Ministry of Health in 2014, more than 90% of women in Vietnam have at least once suffered from gynecological-related diseases. This alarming number proves that, to protect themselves, women should go for regular gynecological examinations under the advice of a doctor.
However, due to subjective psychology and apprehension, many women do not attach importance to regular gynecological examination. This is the main reason why the incidence of gynecological diseases is increasing day by day. Therefore, the first thing that women need to do is to eliminate fear and then need to understand what a gynecological examination is, how the examination steps with a doctor will help women have Get the best preparation for a smooth visit.

2. What is a gynecological examination?

The female reproductive organs are divided into two main parts: the upper genitalia (uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, fallopian tubes) and the lower genitalia (vulva, vagina, cervix) ). During a gynecological examination, the doctor will perform a general and detailed examination of all the genital organs. At the same time, women will be assigned to perform necessary tests such as: blood test, urine test, abdominal ultrasound, ... to accurately detect the pathology encountered in the reproductive organs.
In case the doctor suspects that the patient has cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, they will order them to do additional cancer screening tests such as cervical biopsy, PAP test. ,...

3. Basic gynecological examination steps

Normally, a gynecological examination will be performed with the following steps:
Asking information, current condition of the patient Before conducting the examination, the doctor will ask for personal information and condition. pathology, unusual signs and patient history. Through this survey information, the doctor will decide the next detailed examination steps.
External examination In this step, the doctor will observe and check the outside of the genitals, the chest area to see if there is anything abnormal.
Vaginal exam During this vaginal exam, the doctor looks at the vagina for anything unusual. A speculum is then inserted into the vagina to view the vaginal wall and cervix. At this step, the doctor may take a sample of vaginal fluid or cells if the patient suspects gynecological diseases.
In addition, the doctor will conduct transvaginal ultrasound to examine the entire genitalia for married or sexually active women. As for girls who have not had sex, the doctor will use an abdominal ultrasound to survey this information.
Vaginal discharge test Most gynecological exams include a vaginal discharge test, which helps your doctor determine if you have bacterial vaginosis. Vaginal discharge is usually collected by the doctor on an ultrasound probe or during a speculum vaginal examination.
Uterine examination Doctors often use their hands to feel the abdomen to determine the position and size of the uterus. In addition, at this step the doctor can conduct ultrasound or transvaginal ultrasound to determine the structure and condition of the uterus, cervix, ovaries and fallopian tubes. Uterine examination is to determine the pathology in the uterus, the doctor cannot skip this step.
Tests Depending on the patient's condition, the doctor will assign the patient to do other necessary tests such as blood tests, urine tests., mental health tests. After a general examination and understanding the necessary information, the doctor will conclude on your condition and advise the most appropriate treatment method, and schedule a follow-up appointment to check the effectiveness of the treatment. treatment course.

Currently, at the Vinmec International General Hospital system, the basic gynecological examination and screening package is being applied.
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