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Keikai drug belongs to prescription drugs, psychotropic group, containing the main ingredient is Melatonin. The drug is used in the treatment of insomnia in patients 55 years of age and older. To help readers better understand the information and uses of Keikai medicine, please refer to the following article content.
1. What is Keikai?
Keikai is used to support and help people sleep well in people with insomnia thanks to the effectiveness of the drug Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland by the amino acid tryptophan. Research results indicate that the drug melatonin increases the concentrations of aminobutyric acid and serotonin in the midbrain and hypothalamus, and also increases the activity of pyridoxine-kinase, an enzyme involved in aminobutyric acid synthesis. acids, dopamine and serotonin. Physiologically, there is an increase in melatonin secretion immediately after dusk, peaking at about 2-4 am, decreasing in the morning. The drug is related to the control of the diurnal rhythm, is also related to the light-dark cycle, sleep-inducing effects, increased tendency to sleep. The drug is not addictive, has a natural sleep-regulating effect, regulates circadian rhythms, and improves sleep quality. After entering the body, Keikai drug is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal mucosa in adults, which can be reduced by 50% in the elderly. The bioavailability of the drug is about 15%. Large first-time drug metabolism (about 85%). Peak drug concentrations occur after 3 hours. Food slows absorption and reduces peak Cmax of the drug. The plasma protein binding rate is about 60%, mainly the drug is bound to albumin, alpha 1-glycoprotein acids, and high density lipoproteins. Melatonin is metabolized by the liver. The main metabolite 6-sulphate oxy-melatonin (abbreviated as 6-S-MT) is no longer active. The drug is completely excreted in about 12 hours after taking the drug.
2. Indications and contraindications of the drug Keikai
2.1. Indications Keikai is used as monotherapy for the short-term treatment of symptoms of primary insomnia in patients 55 years of age and older.
2.2. Contraindications Do not use Keikai when the patient is allergic, hypersensitive to melatonin or to any of the excipients.
3. Dosage and how to take Keikai
How to use: Keikai medicine is used orally, it is best for patients to take it after dinner, about 1-2 hours before going to bed.
Dosage: The usual dose is 1 tablet per day.
Overdose : No case of overdose has been reported. If an overdose occurs, the patient may become drowsy. The drug is eliminated gradually within 12 hours after the patient takes the drug. If you overdose on Keikai, there is still no antidote.
4. Undesirable effects when using Keikai medicine
Undesirable effects during taking Keikai pills include:
Nerve stimulation, headache, insomnia, sore throat, dizziness, drowsiness, abdominal pain, dry mouth, constipation, back pain, body weakness, weight gain...
Patients who feel uncomfortable or experience any of the above undesirable effects should notify their doctor when using the drug.
5. Keikai drug interactions
Like other drugs, Keikai will have interactions with some drugs, specifically as follows:
CYP3A inducers at higher concentrations than therapeutic drugs. The clinical relevance of this finding is currently unknown. The drug does not induce CYP1A enzyme. Metabolism is mainly mediated by CYP1A enzymes. Therefore, there may be interactions between the drug and other drugs that also act on the CYP1A enzyme. Co-administration with fluvoxamine should be avoided, as fluvoxamine may increase the concentration of Keikai by inhibiting the metabolism of melatonin by liver enzymes such as P450, CYP1A2. Caution should be exercised when the drug is combined with 5- or 8-methoxypsoralen, oestrogen, cimetidine because it may increase melatonin levels. Cigarette smoke may decrease drug levels by induction of CYP1A2. CYP1A2 inhibitors such as quinolone antibiotics may increase melatonin concentrations. CYP1A2 inducers such as carbamazepine and the antibiotic rifampicin may decrease melatonin levels. Do not use alcohol together with melatonin at the same time, because it reduces the effectiveness of the treatment drug. The drug may enhance the sedative effect of benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines such as zaleplon, zopiclone, zolpidem.
6. Notes when using Keikai thuốc
Precautions during the use of Keikai drug are as follows:
There are no data related to the use of the drug in patients with autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the drug is not recommended for patients with autoimmune diseases. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, LAPP lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine. Do not use Keikai medicine for children under 18 years old. Patients with renal failure, liver failure: There have been no studies on the use of melatonin in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, therefore, caution or not recommended use in these patients. Due to the lack of clinical data, the use of Keikai is not recommended in pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant. Endogenous melatonin has been found in breast milk, so it is possible that exogenous melatonin is also secreted into breast milk. The use of Keikai is not recommended for women who are breastfeeding. Keikai belongs to the group of psychotropic drugs that affect the ability to drive and use machines because the drug can cause drowsiness. Care should be taken when driving or operating machinery while taking Keikai. Above is an informational article about Keikai medicine. Prescription drugs, patients taking Keikai psychotropic drugs when prescribed by a doctor, do not self-medicate. Drugs for short-term use in insomnia in adults. If you have any questions or concerns about Keikai, please ask for help from your healthcare provider, doctor, or pharmacist.
