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Marcaine Spinal Heavy is a drug used for local anesthesia, epidural anesthesia in cases of surgery, cesarean section. So how to use and what should be noted when using the drug?
1. What is Marcaine Spinal Heavy?
Marcaine Spinal Heavy has the main ingredient Bupivacaine hydrochloride - a slow acting but long lasting local anesthetic. The anesthetic effect of bupivacaine is 2-4 times stronger and much more toxic than lidocaine.
Marcaine Spinal Heavy acts through a blocking mechanism that restores nerve impulse conduction by reducing the permeability of cell membranes to Na ions, thereby inhibiting nerve impulse conduction, preventing pain. transmitted to the brain.
The Bupivacaine component of Marcaine Spinal Heavy can cause intercostal neuralgia, pain relief lasting 7-14 hours, epidural anesthesia for 3-4 hours, and spinal anesthesia in gastrointestinal surgery. - urology, lower extremity surgery, obstetrics.
Marcaine Spinal Heavy is rapidly absorbed after use, 95% bound to plasma proteins and distributed into body tissues. The drug is metabolized in the liver and eliminated mainly in the urine.
2. Uses of the drug Marcaine Spinal Heavy
Marcaine Spinal Heavy is indicated for treatment in the following cases:
Need regional anesthesia, local anesthesia. Anesthesia in surgery: Blocking the area, nerves, epidural anesthesia, injectable anesthesia. Indicated for pain relief in postoperative or childbirth (intradural space). Epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Endothelial anesthesia of subarachnoid and spinal cord in surgical procedures. Anesthesia in short surgeries lasting 1.5 - 3 hours in organs of the urinary tract, lower extremities. Use in dentistry in appropriate doses. Some cases should not be used local anesthetic Marcaine Spinal Heavy:
Allergy to Bupivacaine, local anesthetics of the amide group or any other ingredient of the drug. Patients with severe hypotension (due to cardiogenic shock, hypovolaemia or blood loss) should not use drugs for intravenous anesthesia, epidural anesthesia. The patient has a coagulopathy and is taking anticoagulants. Progressive disease in the central nervous system: meningitis, tumor, polio, cerebral hemorrhage. Spinal stenosis, spondylitis, recent trauma to the spine. The patient has a blood infection.
3. Notes when using the drug Marcaine Spinal Heavy
Before taking the medicine, the doctor needs to take all the history related to blood diseases (anemia, bleeding disorders, blood pressure problems, liver failure, kidney failure, scoliosis, scoliosis, etc.) myeloma, brain tumor). The safety of Marcaine Spinal Heavy for the fetus and child has not been clearly studied, so the benefits should be considered when using the drug for pregnant and lactating women. Patients with multiple sclerosis, neuromuscular palsy, hemiplegia should be cautious when using Marcaine Spinal Heavy.
4. Marcaine Spinal Heavy drug interactions
Co-administration of Marcaine Spinal Heavy with the drugs Propranolol, Propofol, Hyaluronidase, Verapamil can increase the bioavailability of both. Antihypertensive drugs of the ACE inhibitor class reduce the effect of Marcaine Spinal Heavy. Alcohol, foods containing alcohol can change the effect of the drug. Do not combine Marcaine Spinal Heavy with class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Concomitant use of local anesthetics with or without the amide group requires appropriate dose reduction to avoid synergistic side effects.
5. Dosage and usage
5.1. How to use Marcaine Spinal Heavy is prepared in the form of a solution for infusion. The route of administration is intrathecal injection, the usual injection site is below the L3 vertebra.
5.2. Dosage Usually inject 3 - 4 ml / time into the space between the lumbar vertebrae L3 - L4. The patient is in supine position, the spread will reach T5 - T7. Patients in the sitting position, the anesthetic spread will be up to T4 - T5. The above dose is for reference only, depending on the type of surgery, surgery time, disease condition, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate dose.
6. Marcaine Spinal Heavy side effects
When using the anesthetic Marcaine Spinal Heavy may experience some unwanted side effects as follows:
Excitement or inhibition: Shock, nausea, anxiety, fear, lethargy, confusion, agitation, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest. Hypotension, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse. Allergic skin reactions, urticaria, edema. Loss of control of the bladder - bowels, perineum, fertility. Persistent dyskinesia, loss of autonomic nerve (sphincter control). Bleeding at the injection site. Prolonged back pain, convulsions, paralysis of both legs. Anaphylactic reaction. Thus, Marcaine Spinal Heavy is an anesthetic used in surgery. The drug must be prescribed and used by a specialist.
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