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Dex tobrin is a medicine used in the treatment of bacterial infections of the eye. Let's learn about the ingredients, uses, and how to use Dex-Tobrin through the following article.
1. What is Dex tobrin?
Dex tobrin medicine contains the following ingredients:
Tobramycin with the content of 3mg; Dexamethasone with a strength of 1mg; Excipients just 5ml: Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Disodium Edetat, Benzalkonium Chloride, Disodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate, Polysorbate 80, Sodium chloride, Hydroxyethylcellulose. Dex tobrin is available in the form of an eye drop suspension, white or light yellow, with a package of 1 bottle of 5ml.
Dex tobrin is a product of Balkanpharma Company Razgrad AD - Bulgaria.
2. What is the use of Dex tobrin?
Dex-Tobrin eye drops are a combination of a broad-spectrum Aminoglycoside antibiotic (Tobramycin) and a potent synthetic corticosteroid (Dexamethasone).
Mechanism of action of the drug Dex-Tobrin:
Tobramycin is an antibiotic belonging to the Aminoglycosides group obtained from the culture medium of Streptomyces Tenebrius; The spectrum of action of this antibiotic is relatively wide, it can affect many gram (-) and gram (+) aerobic bacteria such as: Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, some Proteus, Serratia, Providencia, Escherichia coli,...; The drug is not capable of killing viruses, fungi, anaerobes or Chlamydia; Mechanism of action: It is possible that the irreversible incorporation of the drug into the 30S subunit of the ribosome causes inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria. Effects of Dexamethasone:
Dexamethasone is 1 Fluromethylprednisolone, Glucocorticoid is synthesized; The main effect of this active ingredient is immunosuppressive, creating anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Dexamethasone has 7 times stronger activity than Prednisolone, 30 times stronger than Hydrocortisone; The mechanism of action of Dexamethasone is that the drug binds to receptors in cells, then moves to the cell nucleus and acts on some protein synthesis genes, Corticosteroids are absorbed by aqueous humor, cornea, ciliary body, iris. eye and retina.
3. When is Dex-Tobrin indicated?
Dex-Tobrin eye drops are used in the following cases:
Usually used for patients with superficial infections of the eye caused by bacteria sensitive to Tobramycin such as: Chronic anterior uveitis, conjunctivitis ophthalmic conjunctivitis, eyelid conjunctivitis, anterior lobe of the eye and keratitis ; Treatment of inflammatory conditions associated with infection of the ocular surface, responsive to glucocorticoids; Corneal burns due to chemicals, heat or radiation, puncture wounds of the eyeball due to foreign bodies; Prophylaxis of inflammation before and after eye surgery such as cataract surgery.
4. Dosage, how to use the drug Dex-Tobrin
Dosage of the drug Dex-tobrin as prescribed by the doctor.
Recommended dose for adults:
Usual daily dose: Instill 1-2 drops into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye, every 4-6 hours. During the first 24 - 48 hours of treatment, the dose can be increased up to 1 - 2 drops every 2 hours. The frequency of instillation should be gradually reduced as clinical signs improve. However, treatment with Dex tobrin should not be stopped too soon. For prevention, instill 1-2 drops 4 times a day into the conjunctival sac of the eye being operated on, starting 1-2 days before surgery. Can use 1 drop after surgery and 1-2 drops x 4 times / day starting from the next day to 24 days after surgery. During administration, intraocular pressure should be monitored. In severe patients or with a clear improvement in clinical symptoms, it is recommended to use it every 2 hours for the first 1 to 2 days, then reduce the dose to normal. Pediatric Dose:
There are currently no reports on the efficacy and safety of Dex tobrin in children. How to use Dex tobrin:
First, check that the safety belt between the cap and the vial is intact. Shake the vial vigorously before opening the cap for use. Before instilling the drug into the eyes, the patient should clean the eyes with physiological saline and wash their hands to ensure safety. Unscrew the cap from the vial. The patient tilts the head back and pulls the lower eyelid down to create a pocket between the eyelid and eye, which is where the medicine is placed. Hold the potion upside down in one hand, move it closer to the eye, if necessary, do it in front of the mirror. Do not let the tip of the bottle touch your eyes, eyelids or other surfaces. Squeeze gently into the vial to drop a drop of Dex Tobrin into the eye. After the medicine has been instilled, close the eyelid and press one finger to the corner of the eye, next to the nose. This will prevent Dex Tobrin from entering the nose or draining out. If the drops are in both eyes, repeat the steps above for the other eye. If instillation is incorrect, re-instill. Dex Tobrin is for eye drops only. In the case of concurrent treatment with another drug for topical ophthalmology, the two drugs should be administered 10 minutes apart.
5. Contraindications to the drug Dex Tobrin
There have not been specific and clear studies on the safety and effectiveness of Dex tobrin for children, so it has not been indicated for this subject.
Do not use the drug for patients who are sensitive to Tobramycin, Dexamethasone or any of its ingredients.
Do not use the drug for patients with eye infections caused by fungi or Mycobacterium.
Contraindicated for patients with viral infections of the cornea, Herpes corneal epithelium, chickenpox, smallpox.
Do not use for pregnant women and nursing mothers because the effects have not been studied.
6. Dex Tobrin side effects
Some unwanted effects may occur when using Dex Tobrin such as:
Swelling of the eyelids or erythema in the conjunctiva; Increased intraocular pressure ; The optic nerve may be weakened; Posterior subcapsular cataract formation; Slow healing of eye wounds; Rarely, crystal opacity with prolonged treatment; Secondary bacterial or fungal superinfection.
7. Interactions with other drugs
For Tobramycin:
Tobramycin toxicity may be increased if used concomitantly with nephrotoxic drugs; When combined with neuromuscular blocking agents, there is a risk of neuromuscular paralysis. For Dexamethson:
Barbiturates, Rifampicin, Phenytoin, Rifabutin, Ephedrin, Carbamazepine, Primidon, Aminoglutethimide reduce the effect of Dex tobrin drug due to increased elimination; Reducing the hypoglycemic effect of some drugs such as insulin, antihypertensive drugs, diuretics due to antagonistic effects; When combined with loop diuretics, Thiazide, Acetazolamide can increase blood K +; Increases the anticoagulant effect of Coumarin; Strongly reduces K+ concentration when combined with diuretics that lower K+ concentration.
8. Notes when using and storing Dex tobrin
Notes and cautions:
Before using the patient, read the instructions carefully and follow the doctor's instructions; After opening the vial, do not let the dropper come into direct contact with any surface to avoid the risk of superinfection or bacterial resistance; Do not open the vial cap when not in use; Do not instill dex tobrin into the ears, nose, mouth,...; Use caution when using Dex-Tobrin eye drops for pregnant and lactating women, if absolutely necessary to follow the doctor's instructions; Storage:
Store Dex tobrin at room temperature, below 30 degrees Celsius, air humidity is not too low, avoid direct light. In summary, Dex tobrin is a drug used in the treatment of eye infections. To ensure safety for your health and maximize the effectiveness of your treatment, you need to use Dex tobrin exactly as directed by your doctor.
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