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Apitim 5 medicine has the main ingredient Amlodipine and other excipients in a sufficient amount. This drug is used to treat high blood pressure in patients with metabolic complications such as diabetes. In addition, the drug is also used for prophylaxis in people with stable angina and myocardial ischemia.
1. What are the effects of Apitim 5?
Apitim 5 is made in the form of capsules, suitable for direct oral administration.
1.1 Pharmacodynamics of the active ingredient Amlodipine Apitim has the main active ingredient Amlodipine - this is a calcium antagonist of the Dihydropyridine group. This active ingredient inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium into cardiac and smooth muscle cells of the vascular wall by blocking the slow calcium channels of the cell membrane. Through the action of the drug, the smooth muscle tone of the blood vessels decreases, thereby reducing the peripheral resistance leading to lower blood pressure. Active ingredient Apitim has the effect of preventing angina attacks mainly due to dilatation of peripheral arterioles and reduction of cardiac afterload. The myocardial energy consumption and oxygen demand are also reduced. The reason is that the drug Apitim 5 does not cause reflex tachycardia. Active ingredient Amlodipine dilates coronary vessels including arteries and arterioles in both normal and ischemic areas leading to increased myocardial oxygen supply. 1.2. Pharmacokinetics of the active substance Amlodipine The bioavailability of the active substance Amlodipine when taken orally is about 60-80% and is not affected by food. The mean half-life of the active substance is 30-40 hours. Steady state plasma concentrations are achieved 7-8 days after once-daily dosing of Amlodipine. Apitim 5 is metabolized mainly by the liver. The metabolites are inactive and excreted in the urine. For people with liver failure, it is necessary to reduce the dose or prolong the time between doses.
2. What are the effects of Apitim 5?
Apitim 5 is indicated in the following cases:
Treatment of hypertension, especially for people with metabolic complications such as diabetes mellitus. Prophylactic treatment of stable angina pectoris.
3. Usage and dosage of Apitim 5
3.1. How to use Apitim 5 Apitim 5 is made in the form of capsules, suitable for direct oral use.
3.2. Dosage of Apitim 5 The therapeutic dose of Apitim 5 depends on the individual response. Initial dose: Usually 5mg x 1 time/day, then gradually increase the therapeutic dose. The treating physician may increase the therapeutic dose up to 10mg once daily. No dose adjustment is required when co-administering thiazide diuretics, beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors. Patients should pay attention to follow the drug as directed by the doctor and carefully read the instructions for use before using. 3.3. In case of overdose/forgotten dose In case of drug overdose: When you overdose on Apitim 5, it can cause Amlodipine toxicity. Treatment: Monitor the heart with electrocardiogram and treat the signs and symptoms on the cardiovascular system. At the same time, perform gastric lavage and give activated charcoal to drink. If necessary, the doctor will prescribe the adjustment of electrolytes. In case of bradycardia, the treating doctor may prescribe intravenous injection of atropine, intravenous drip of gluconate, isoprenaline or adrenaline or dopamine. For patients with hypovolemia, additional infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride solution is required. In case of overdose, severe hypotension should be administered intravenously 0.9% sodium chloride solution and adrenaline. In case of missed dose: The patient should take the initiative to add the dose as soon as he remembers. However, if the interval between the next dose is too short, skip the missed dose and continue with the usual dosing schedule. It should be noted that do not use a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
4. Undesirable effects of Apitim 5
The most common adverse effect of treatment with Apitim 5 is mild to moderate ankle edema. Other common undesirable effects of Apitim 5, include:
Whole body: Ankle edema, headache, dizziness, dizziness, flushing and hot sensation, fatigue, muscle weakness body . For the circulatory system: Palpitations . For the central nervous system: Cramps. For the digestive system: Nausea, abdominal pain and indigestion. For the respiratory system: Shortness of breath occurs. Uncommon side effects of Apitim 5 , including:
For the circulatory system: Excessive lowering of blood pressure, tachycardia and chest pain. For skin: Appearance of rash and itching. For musculoskeletal system: Muscle aches and pains in joints. For the nervous system: Sleep disorders. Uncommon side effects of Apitim 5 include:
For the circulatory system: Extrasystoles. For the digestive system: Hyperplasia of the gums. For skin: Urticaria on the skin. Liver: Increased liver enzymes including increased transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. For metabolism: Increases blood sugar. For the nervous system: Confusion. For the immune system: Appearance of erythema multiforme. Patients need to actively inform the treating doctor of the unwanted effects that you experience when using Apitim 5.
5. Interactions of Apitim 5
The treatment with Apitim 5 with other drugs can occur interactions, specifically as follows:
Anesthetics increase the effect of the active ingredient Amlodipine and may cause a sharper drop in blood pressure. Treatment of Lithium with the active ingredient Amlodipine can cause neurotoxicity, nausea, vomiting with diarrhea. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially Indomethacin, may reduce the effect of Amlodipine. Use with caution drugs that are highly bound to plasma proteins, specifically Coumarin derivatives, Hydantoin ... with active ingredients Amlodipine and Amlodipine also have the ability to bind proteins, so the concentrations of these drugs are in the free form. (unbound) may vary in serum.
6. Some notes when using Apitim 5
6.1. Contraindications of the drug Apitim 5 Apitim 5 drug is contraindicated in the following cases:
People with hypersensitivity or sensitivity to Dihydropyridine derivatives. Apitim 5 should not be used in patients with unstable heart failure. 6.2. Caution when using Apitim 5 Apitim 5 should be used with caution in people with impaired liver function, aortic stenosis, heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. Pregnancy: Calcium channel blockers specifically Apitim 5 can inhibit premature uterine contractions. However, Apitim 5 has no adverse effects on the parturition process. Using Apitim 5 during pregnancy poses a risk of hypoxia to the fetus. This is a common risk with antihypertensive drugs, which can alter blood flow due to peripheral vasodilation. Therefore, avoid the use of drugs containing the active ingredient Amlodipine for pregnant women, especially in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Lactation: There are currently no reports assessing the accumulation of active ingredient Amlodipine in breast milk. Effects of the drug on people who often drive or operate machinery: Reflex ability may be reduced in people who experience dizziness, headache, fatigue, or nausea when using this drug. . Above is all information about Apitim 5, patients need to carefully read the instructions for use, consult a doctor / pharmacist before using. Absolutely do not arbitrarily buy Apitim 5 for home treatment because there may be unwanted side effects.
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