Types of carcinoma: Basal cell, squamous cell, transitional cell

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Carcinoma is considered the most common type and can occur in almost any part of the body. Carcinoma (basal cell, squamous cell, transitional cell) can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Therefore, early detection and treatment of this type of cancer will increase the likelihood of a cure.

1. What is Carcinoma?

Carcinoma is the name for cancers that start in the epithelial cells of the body. Until now, many people still do not understand: “What are epithelial cells?” or “What is epithelial cell positive?”. In simple terms, the cells that make up the epithelium - the tissue that lines the inside and outside of the body include: skin, internal organs, digestive tract and blood vessels.
Epithelial cell positive is the overproduction of epithelial cells in organs or parts of the body, contributing to the suggestion of carcinoma in those organs or organs.
Carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases. It includes the following types of carcinoma:
Basal cell carcinoma (basal cell cancer): This type of carcinoma usually develops in the cells in the deepest layer of the epithelium, or called basal cells. Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of cancer usually develops in the cells in the top layer of the epithelium, also known as squamous cells. Transitional cell carcinoma: This type of cancer usually develops in the stretchy cells in the urinary tract epithelium, also known as transitional cells. Renal cell carcinoma : Usually develops in the epithelial cells in the filtering system of the kidney. Adenocarcinoma: A type of cancer that forms in specialized epithelial cells, called glandular cells. Sarcoma is another type of cancer. Unlike carcinoma, it usually forms in cells in the connective tissue in cartilage, bones, tendons, and muscles. Sarcoma cancers are rarer than carcinomas.

2. What to know about types of carcinoma

Different types of carcinoma can develop in the same organ in the body, so doctors often classify these cancers by subtype instead of where they form, including:
Cancer Basal cell carcinoma: Also known as basal cell carcinoma. This type of carcinoma occurs only in the skin. Approximately 80% of all skin cancers (non-melanoma) are of the basal cell type, according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). In general, this form of carcinoma is slow-growing, almost never spreads, and is usually caused by sun exposure.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): Usually, squamous cell carcinoma is referred to as skin cancer, however it can affect several other parts of the body, including :
Skin: This type is slow growing and usually does not spread, but local invasion and metastasis occur more commonly than basal cell carcinoma. Lungs: According to the American Cancer Society, SCC that affects the lungs accounts for about 25% of lung cancer cases. Esophageal: Most cancers in the upper esophagus are SCC. Head and neck: More than 90% of cancers in the nose, mouth, and throat are SCC. Renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer): This type of cancer accounts for about 90% of all cases of kidney tumors.
Transitional cell carcinoma: Transitional cells are usually found in the central region of the kidney (the renal pelvis) and the tube that carries urine out of the kidney (the ureter). Research shows that transitional cell carcinoma accounts for about 10% of all kidney cancer cases.
Adenocarcinoma: This type of cancer usually forms and grows in epithelial cells that secrete a mucus-like substance, called glandular cells. These cells are commonly found in the lining of most organs in the body.
Here are the most common types of adenocarcinoma, including:
Colorectal cancer; Breast cancer ; Pancreatic Cancer; Lung cancer; Prostate cancer . Classification of carcinoma after diagnosis:
When any of the above cancers is diagnosed, it is classified into 1 of the following 3 types (depending on how far the cancer has spread):
Cancer Carcinoma in situ: Cancer that has not spread outside the epithelial cells in which it started to grow. Invasive Carcinoma: Cancer that has spread locally into nearby tissue. Metastatic carcinoma: Cancer that has spread to parts far away from the epithelium in which it grew.

3. How to diagnose carcinoma?

The physical condition and history of the patient are very important factors in the diagnosis of carcinoma. For skin lesions that are suspected to be cancerous, the doctor will conduct a test to see if it is basal cell cancer or squamous cell cancer based on characteristics such as:
Size; Shape; Color; Structure; Growth rate. Carcinoma inside the body will be evaluated through imaging tests that show its location and size. These tests also show whether the cancer has spread locally or metastasized in the body. Several imaging tests are commonly used in the diagnosis of carcinoma, including CT scans, X-rays, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
In addition to diagnosing carcinoma by imaging, the doctor may also ask the patient to perform additional biopsy tests. In this test, part or all of the lesion is surgically removed and examined under a microscope to determine if it is cancerous and, if so, cancerous. what letter.
In addition, doctors can also use special scopes (with cameras) and other specially designed tools for a specific organ in the body to look at cancer and surrounding tissue them, and biopsy or remove the cancer.

4. Common Treatments for Carcinoma

All types of carcinoma are treated with a combination of methods including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The right treatment will depend on the location, extent and spread of the cancer in the body.
Surgery: Often used to help remove all or as much of the cancer as possible. Chemotherapy: Used to treat distant metastatic carcinoma. Radiation therapy: Used to treat locally invasive carcinoma. 5. The outlook for patients with carcinoma The outlook for patients with any type of carcinoma will depend on the following factors:
How far the cancer has progressed when diagnosed; Cancer has invaded locally or metastasized to other organs; Time to start treatment for carcinoma. In summary, carcinoma if detected early before it has spread can be curable or provide good treatment outcome. The longer the treatment is delayed, the more the carcinoma will spread and endanger the patient's life. Currently, early cancer screening is considered the perfect measure in timely detection and treatment of cancers. Reduce the cost of treatment and especially reduce the mortality rate in patients. Vinmec International General Hospital always deploys and introduces to customers the Early Cancer Screening Package at Vinmec - Peace of mind to live well to help with gene testing, imaging, testing of biomarkers to detect tumors you early.
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Reference source: healthline.com