Treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease grade 2 according to the guidance of the Ministry of Health

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Hand, foot and mouth disease is an acute infectious disease that spreads very quickly and can break out into an epidemic at any time. Currently, there is no specific prevention or treatment for hand, foot and mouth disease. When a child shows signs of illness, parents need to take the child to a medical facility for timely examination.

1. Principles of treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease

Currently, there is no specific treatment for the disease, only supportive treatment. Note that antibiotics should not be used when there is no superinfection. It is necessary to closely monitor patients, early detect and treat complications. Ensure adequate nutrition to improve the patient's condition

2. Treatment of hand, foot and mouth level 2

Hand, foot and mouth disease grade 2 requires inpatient treatment in a hospital.
2.1. Treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease level 2a Adequate nutrition for children to improve their condition Let the child rest, avoid stimulation Reduce fever for children if the fever is over 38.5 degrees Celsius every 6 hours In case the child has a high fever that does not respond Good response to paracetamol can be combined with ibuprofen 10-15 mg/kg/repeat every 6-8 hours if needed (alternating with paracetamol use). Drugs: Phenobarbital 5-7 mg/kg/day, orally. Close monitoring is required for signs of movement. 2.2. Hand, foot and mouth treatment level 2b Place the child's head up 30 degrees
Actively reduce fever if the child has a high fever
Give the child oxygen 3 - 6 liters/minute
Medicine:
Phenobarbital 10 - 20 mg/kg IV infusion . Repeat after 8-12 hours as needed. Immunoglobulin: Group 2: 1g/kg/day by slow intravenous infusion over 6-8 hours. After 24 hours, if there are signs of grade 2b, then use the second dose.
Group 1: Routine Immunoglobulin is not indicated. Use only if symptoms do not improve after 6 hours of treatment with Phenobarbital. After 24 hours re-evaluate to decide on the second dose as in group 2.
Monitor temperature, blood pressure, pulse, consciousness, breathing rate, rales every 1-3 hours for the first 6 hours. If nothing abnormal, follow up every 4-5 hours.
If meter is available, measure SpO2 oxygen saturation and monitor pulse continuously.

3. Signs of hand, foot and mouth complications

Children with the following signs are most likely to have neurological, cardiovascular and respiratory complications.
Change of consciousness: struggling, panicking, lethargy, agitated, struggling, somnolent, convulsions, coma Tremors, tremors in sleep, unsteadiness, startling, nystagmus. Weak limbs, facial paralysis... In terms of breathing, children will have symptoms of shortness of breath, fatigue, and rapid breathing. Cardiovascular children will have symptoms such as increased blood pressure then fall, fast or slow pulse.
The most common hand, foot and mouth complications are superinfection, dehydration, respiratory and cardiovascular complications, of which the most severe are neurological complications. This is a particularly dangerous complication that parents need to pay attention to because it is very complicated and can affect the patient's life, possibly causing irreversible brain damage.
Neurological complications of children are: brain stem inflammation, encephalitis, meningitis, encephalitis.
Meningitis Signs that a child has meningitis include:
Children are delirious, high fever, lethargic Children are afraid of light Weakness, coma Headache, stiff neck Inflammation of the brain parenchyma, brain stem Children Having the following symptoms is likely to have damaged brain parenchyma, brain stem:
When the child lies on his back or begins to sleep, he often has short tremors, mainly in the arms and legs. Eyeball tremors Disturbed, shaking limbs, unsteady walking, eyes looking backwards Drowsiness Weak limbs, paralysis Coma, respiratory failure, circulatory failure. Increase muscle tone. Understanding the complications as well as the dangerous level of hand, foot and mouth disease in children will help parents proactively prevent, detect and promptly handle if complications appear, avoiding unpredictable consequences. affect children's health.
As a key area of ​​Vinmec Health system, Pediatrics Department always brings satisfaction to customers and is highly appreciated by industry experts with:
Gathering a team of top doctors and nurses in Pediatrics : consists of leading experts with high professional qualifications (professors, associate professors, doctorates, masters), experienced, worked at major hospitals such as Bach Mai, 108.. Doctors All doctors are well-trained, professional, conscientious, knowledgeable about young psychology. In addition to domestic pediatric specialists, the Department of Pediatrics also has the participation of foreign experts (Japan, Singapore, Australia, USA) who are always pioneers in applying the latest and most effective treatment regimens. . Comprehensive services: In the field of Pediatrics, Vinmec provides a series of continuous medical examination and treatment services from Newborn to Pediatric and Vaccine,... according to international standards to help parents take care of their baby's health from birth to childhood. from birth to adulthood Specialized techniques: Vinmec has successfully deployed many specialized techniques to make the treatment of difficult diseases in Pediatrics more effective: neurosurgery - skull surgery, stem cell transplantation. blood in cancer treatment. Professional care: In addition to understanding children's psychology, Vinmec also pays special attention to the children's play space, helping them to have fun and get used to the hospital's environment, cooperate in treatment, improve the efficiency of medical treatment.
If you have unusual symptoms, you should be examined and consulted with a specialist.

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