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External hemorrhoids can cause bleeding, cracking and itching of the anus, greatly affecting the patient's health and quality of life. There are many methods to treat external hemorrhoids such as using Western medicine, Eastern medicine, hemorrhoid surgery,...
1. Outline of external hemorrhoids
External hemorrhoids are hemorrhoids that form under the skin around the anus, often causing pain for the patient. Causes and risk factors for external hemorrhoids include: lifting weights or heavy objects, a low-fiber diet, obesity, pregnancy, standing or sitting for long periods of time, improper bowel movements, ascites. (a buildup of fluid that puts pressure on the stomach and intestines),...
External hemorrhoids are distinguished from internal hemorrhoids by the location of the hemorrhoids. Specifically, internal hemorrhoids form hemorrhoids inside the wall of the rectum, which are usually painless but cause bleeding during bowel movements. Meanwhile, external hemorrhoids have hemorrhoids located outside the anus, which tend to cause more pain than internal hemorrhoids. A person can have both internal and external hemorrhoids.
Symptoms of external hemorrhoids are: itching and pain in the anal area, bloody stools (not much blood), blood clots inside the hemorrhoids. External hemorrhoids are divided into different grades: grade 1, 2, 3, 4 external hemorrhoids represent the increasing danger of the disease.
Vị trí trĩ ngoại
Distinguish rectal prolapse and hemorrhoids
2. How to treat external hemorrhoids
2.1 Relieve uncomfortable symptoms of external hemorrhoids at home Relieve pain and itching in the anal area
Warm bath: Soak the anus in a bath (bathtub) with a little warm water for about 20 minutes/time, do it 2-3 times a day, especially after each bowel movement. Then, gently dry the anal area with a soft cloth or towel, do not rub the anal area; Apply creams: Some topical creams can reduce pain and itching caused by hemorrhoids. Patients can use the cream according to the doctor's prescription; Apply ice: Place an ice pack, apply several times a day to the hemorrhoid area to reduce pain and swelling during the treatment of external hemorrhoids.
Bôi kem giúp giảm bớt triệu chứng trĩ ngoại
Reduce uncomfortable symptoms
Squatting when going to the toilet: The best toilet position for people with hemorrhoids is squatting (you can put your feet on the toilet). This position helps the rectum to expel stool more conveniently; Use a cushion: Sitting on a cushion instead of a hard surface will reduce swelling for people with hemorrhoids, limiting the formation of new hemorrhoids; Keep the anus clean: People with external hemorrhoids should clean the anus every day with warm water and mild soap, then dry or use a gentle blow dryer to dry; Choose cotton underwear: Wearing cotton underwear will help open the anal area, not put pressure on hemorrhoids, avoid making hemorrhoids worse.
Tư thế đi vệ sinh ảnh hưởng đến bệnh trĩ
2.2 Using Western Medicine Using over-the-counter pain relievers: Ibuprofen or Acetaminophen,...; Hemorrhoids topical: Hydrocortisone, Cotripro, Titanoreine,...; Topical reliever: Hydrocortisone cream; Other drugs: rectal suppositories, anti-constipation drugs, stool softeners, etc. Tablets have the effect of increasing permeability, increasing vascular stability, helping to reduce swelling, edema, and hemostasis. and shrink hemorrhoids. Topical or topical drugs have local effects: analgesic, antipruritic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory.
When using medicine to treat external hemorrhoids, it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions of the doctor. The reason is because in addition to treating hemorrhoids, it is also necessary to treat diseases related to hemorrhoids, it is necessary to use drugs for constipation, intestinal diseases, anti-inflammatory drugs, pain relievers, ... to ensure effective treatment. the best.
Dùng thuốc điều trị trĩ ngoại
2.3 Using Oriental Medicine Medicines from burning leaves: Burned leaves have the effect of activating blood, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying and antibacterial. Burned leaves also have the ability to overcome bloody defecation. Patients with external hemorrhoids can apply 2 ways to treat hemorrhoids with burn leaves as follows: Method 1: Wash 6g of burned leaves + 6g of purslane, drink it daily; Method 2: Wash 30g of burned leaves + 10g of cypress leaves + 10g of pot grass + 10g of wormwood, good for drinking water daily; Remedies from lettuce: Lettuce has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, is a familiar medicinal plant in the treatment of hemorrhoids. There are 2 ways to treat external hemorrhoids with lettuce as follows: Method 1: Eat raw lettuce leaves instead of vegetables; grind lettuce, drink its juice or chew it raw, and then apply the residue to the anus; Method 2: Use 30-40g fresh or dried lettuce leaves, wash, soak with diluted salt water. Then, put lettuce leaves in a pot of boiling water for 15 minutes, wait for the water to cool down, then use steam and wash the anus. Finally, rinse with clean water and dry the anus. When applying oriental medicine to treat external hemorrhoids, patients need to strictly follow the instructions of the prescriber, abstain from activities and nutrition accordingly.
Dùng thuốc Đông y điều trị bệnh
2.4 Surgical intervention There are many surgical methods to treat hemorrhoids including: sclerotherapy, burning, elastic band ligation, hemorrhoidectomy, Longo surgery,... However, with external hemorrhoids, only pressure should be applied. Using hemorrhoidectomy because the anus is an area with many receptors, so if other surgical interventions are applied, it will cause a lot of pain for a long time after surgery.
Note: External hemorrhoids are not advised to be treated with surgery, unless the disease has progressed to the end stage, infected, swollen, even ulcerated,... When surgery must be followed properly. The important principles include:
Removal of each hemorrhoid and its overlying mucosal skin; Preserve the underlying internal sphincter; After cutting hemorrhoids, the 2 edges of the wound can be sutured closed or left open: The suture closes vertically if the hemorrhoid is small; The suture closes horizontally if the hemorrhoid is large or the hemorrhoid is ring.
Cắt trĩ ngoại bằng phương pháp ngoại khoa
3. Measures to prevent external hemorrhoids
To prevent external hemorrhoids, it is necessary to limit constipation, avoid the cause of dry, hard stools, difficult to defecate. Some useful tips in disease prevention include:
Eat enough fiber: To avoid constipation, you need to maintain a diet with enough fiber. Fiber is abundant in whole grains, legumes, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, etc. However, it is advisable to add or eat fiber slowly to avoid bloating; Drink a lot of water: Including broth, fruit juice, purified water, ... ensure the amount of water replenished for the body every day reaches 1.5 - 2 liters of water for adults. Water helps soften stools, making it easier for stools to pass through the anus during bowel movements. Attention should be paid to drinking water evenly throughout the day, not focusing on one time, not letting the body lose too long; Increase physical activity: This is the most effective way to help people's metabolism, digestive system work better, and prevent the risk of hemorrhoids. Each person should practice about 20-30 minutes/day; Use stool softeners: Use as prescribed by your doctor and should not be abused; Maintain a daily bowel habit: People who are constipated or at risk of hemorrhoids should maintain the habit of going to the toilet at the same time of day. However, don't spend too much time on the toilet, don't strain or try to push. If sad to defecate, should not try to hold back; See your doctor if you often experience constipation or recurrent hemorrhoids for prevention, early and effective treatment.
Người bệnh nên gặp bác sĩ để được tư vấn kịp thời
As soon as the first warning symptoms appear or suspect that they have external hemorrhoids, the patient should visit a reputable medical facility. In addition to the standard treatment regimen, patients can apply supportive measures to reduce pain and discomfort at home according to the doctor's advice.
Patients with external hemorrhoids can go to Vinmec International General Hospital for examination, diagnosis and treatment. Vinmec currently has a team of well-trained, highly qualified and experienced gastroenterologists in the treatment of diseases related to the digestive system - hepatobiliary system; along with a system of modern medical equipment to best support diagnosis and treatment results.
For detailed advice about the disease, please come directly to Vinmec health system or book online HERE.
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