Side effects of first-line ARV drugs 1- Tenofovir - TDF

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was written by Doctor, Dr. Le Xuan Luat - Infectious, hepatobiliary doctor - Department of General Internal Medicine, Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.
The first case of HIV infection in the world was discovered in the US in 1981. The first case of HIV infection was discovered in Vietnam in 1990 in Ho Chi Minh City. As of August 2020, there are about 213,008 living HIV infections in Vietnam. Of these, more than 153,000 people living with HIV are on antiretroviral therapy (ARV).

1. First-line ARV regimen

According to Decision 5456/QD-BYT on HIV/AIDS treatment and care guidelines, issued on November 20, 2019, people who are found to be infected with HIV will be counseled and started on antiretroviral therapy. The purpose of taking ARV is to inhibit HIV replication in the body and restore immune function. The benefits of antiretroviral therapy are reduced opportunistic infections and improved quality of life for people living with HIV. It also prevents HIV transmission from one infected person to another. Zidovudine (AZT) was the first drug used to treat HIV since 1987. Since then, many HIV drugs with different mechanisms have been studied and used in patients.
1st line ARV regimens are commonly used for HIV treatment beginners as shown in the table below:
Table 1: First line ARV regimens
Table 2: Symbols of ARV drug names
Patients taking the drug should adhere to the medication regimen and visit the doctor periodically as directed by the treating physician. The treating doctor will assess the patient's condition and decide which regimen to use, changing the drug regimen when necessary. Drug side effects are a common reason to change dosing regimens.
ARV drugs are divided into common groups such as:
Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) such as D4T, AZT, 3TC, TDF.
Non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) such as NVP, EFV
Grase enzyme activity inhibitors (INSTIs) such as Dolutegravir

2. Tenofovir - TDF . side effects

TDF has no restrictions on taking the drug with food.
When using TDF, users can have:
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