Medical conditions that can hinder conception in women

This is an automatically translated article.

The article is professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor II Bui Minh Phuc - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Ha Long International Hospital.
The ability to conceive is greatly hindered when there are diseases related to the reproductive organs (vagina, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes). To a serious extent, diseases can lead to phenomena such as infertility because sperm cannot meet the egg for fertilization, the fertilized egg cannot be implanted in the uterus, the uterus is not functional. ability for eggs to nest.

1. Conditions for conception

Conception occurs only when the sperm comes in contact with the egg. It is the period of ovulation when the follicle released from the ovary is collected by the vas deferens and inserted into the lumen of the fallopian tube. When having sex on these days, sperm has a high chance of meeting the ovum in the outer 1/3 of the fallopian tube, when fertilization occurs. Five days after fertilization, the embryo moves from the fallopian tube to the uterus to implant and develop into a fetus. Therefore, a woman who wants to conceive naturally needs a healthy reproductive system, without disease problems in the vulva, vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Otherwise, conception will be extremely difficult.

2. Diseases that hinder conception in women

2.1 Diseases of the vulva, vagina, and cervix Some diseases caused by abnormalities in the anatomical structure such as hymen obturator, transvaginal septum, vaginal aplasia, cervical orifice can make it difficult to in intercourse, reduce pleasure, in some cases no period. Therefore, it is important to see a doctor so that it can be treated with surgery.
Polycystic ovary syndrome: The disease causes testosterone and LH hormone disorders, making the follicles unable to develop, eggs cannot mature, so there is no ovulation. Since that causes symptoms of menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, overweight, hair loss,... Irregular menstruation and reduced egg quality make it very difficult to conceive. 2 Ovarian Abscess: This is a serious condition that can cause infertility, caused by sexually transmitted infections that enter the uterus and spread to the ovaries and fallopian tubes. The accumulation of pus in the ovaries reduces ovarian function, causing long-term damage. Endometriosis in the ovaries: is a phenomenon where the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity, changing the structure and anatomy of the ovaries and pelvis, affecting the ability to conceive. Ovarian cancer: A malignant tumor in the ovaries. Most patients with ovarian cancer are detected at a late stage, so they need surgery and chemotherapy. Premature ovarian failure is a phenomenon in which the ovaries age prematurely after puberty and before the age of 40. When experiencing this condition, women often have irregular menstrual cycles, osteoporosis, depression, anxiety and most dangerously, adversely affect reproductive health, even infertility. With reduced ovarian function, egg quality, conception and implantation are also less likely. Ovulation disorder: It is a phenomenon in which a woman does not have any disease in the reproductive system but ovulates irregularly, ovulates far apart or does not ovulate. It is necessary to do tests and ultrasound to diagnose and give appropriate treatment.

2.3 Fallopian tube disease Fallopian tube blockage: Fallopian tubes can be partially or completely blocked, slowing down or preventing sperm from reaching an egg, ie preventing conception. Tubal fluid retention: Occurs as a result of gynecological infections such as vaginitis, cervicitis, history of pelvic surgery,... Fluid retention is similar to blocked fallopian tubes, preventing sperm eggs meet. 2.4 Uterine and endometrial diseases Endometrial polyps: Endometrial polyps are one of the causes of infertility in women. When the polyp size is large or multiple polyps will affect the movement of sperm and the implantation of eggs. Endometritis: An inflammation of the uterine cavity, usually caused by some non-sterile intervention procedures such as abortion, curettage, biopsy, ring placement, and ring removal. Endometritis, if not properly treated, can cause dangerous complications such as sepsis, uterine adhesions, inflammation of the appendages that cause tubal adhesions and eventually lead to infertility due to non-sperm. meeting eggs for fertilization, the fertilized eggs cannot return to the uterus for implantation, the uterus does not guarantee the function of nesting eggs. Endometrial cancer: A cancer that develops from the endometrium with manifestations such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, heavy discharge, bad odor, and pelvic pain. Cancer that is not detected early may require removal of part or all of the uterus. Adhesion of the uterus: The phenomenon of the bottom layer of the endometrium being damaged, causing the front and back walls of the uterus to stick together is called uterine adhesions, making it possible for the egg to implant after conception. 2.5 Uterine fibroids: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that form from the smooth muscle of the uterus. Most fibroids do not affect the ability to get pregnant, only about 5-10% of women with endometriosis are infertile. Tumors that are large, or in unusual locations, will make it difficult to conceive. Endometriosis: Is a benign disease, when the glandular tissue of the endometrium is present inside the muscular layer of the uterus, causing very severe menstrual pain. The disease reduces the ability to conceive and affects the development of the fetus. Uterine sarcoma: A rare disease, accounting for only 1-3% of uterine cancers. In general, the disease is often detected late, the disease is often diagnosed after biopsy results in women who have had a fibroid or hysterectomy for fibroids.

Treatment of gynecological diseases not only helps women regain their health, not affect their ability to become pregnant, but also more confident in life. Currently, Vinmec International General Hospital has a basic gynecological examination and screening package, which helps customers detect early infectious diseases for easy and inexpensive treatment. Screening for early detection of gynecological cancer (cervical cancer).
When registering for the Basic Gynecological Examination and Screening Package, customers will receive:
Specialized gynecological examination Transvaginal Uterine Ovarian Ultrasound Transvaginal Breast Ultrasound Tests such as: Treponema pallidum rapid test, Chlamydia rapid test, taking samples for cervical-vaginal cytology, endoscopically stained bacteria (female vaginal fluid), HPV genotype PCR automated system. Total urinalysis by automatic machine. Vinmec's medical team are leading experts, highly qualified, dedicated and devoted to the benefit of patients. Comprehensive and professional medical examination, consultation and treatment services.
With over 18 years working in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Formerly Deputy Director, Head of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Lac Viet Friendship Hospital. Regularly update new knowledge about obstetrics and gynecology. Doctor Bui Minh Phuc proficiently performs basic and specialized techniques of obstetrics and gynecology

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