Low posterior mitral stenosis

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Posted by Master, Doctor Ho Thi Xuan Nga - Cardiovascular Center - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital

1. What is mitral stenosis?

Mitral valve stenosis is a narrowing or regurgitation of the mitral valve, aortic valve caused by acute rheumatic bacteria moving in the blood, reaching the heart valve area and "eroding" the 2 valve leaflets, causing the heart valve to contract. , deformation and loss of function.
Even if you have a severe sore throat, which is caused by the same bacteria as acute rheumatism, you can easily develop rheumatic mitral stenosis, not always having joint pain.

2. How does low posterior mitral valve disease manifest?

At the beginning of rheumatic mitral stenosis, the heart valves have not been significantly damaged, so patients often have no symptoms until a few years later. Often the patient will be tired, short of breath when exertion, feeling short of breath when working. In general, symptoms are nonspecific and can easily be confused with numerous other cardiovascular or debilitating diseases.
When the heart valve is narrowed to a moderate or severe degree, the patient will have more obvious symptoms of heart failure, often have trouble breathing at night, dry cough and at these times have to lie down to sleep. . Sometimes in the late stages, the patient has distended neck veins or even mild leg edema in the afternoon.

3. How to treat low posterior mitral stenosis?

First of all, the patient needs to be clinically examined, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and X-ray taken to determine the disease and how the disease has progressed before medical or surgical treatment can be performed.
In mild or moderate stenosis, it is only necessary to take medicine for heart failure, a diet with less salt, a reasonable work and rest regime, and follow-up with echocardiography every 6 months.
When mitral stenosis, with or without atrial fibrillation, the patient needs surgery to replace the heart valve or repair the valve. Depending on the degree of damage and requirements, occupation, and living conditions of the patient, the doctor will advise the patient to choose the most appropriate type of heart valve for each person.

4. Do you need to take medicine after mitral valve replacement?

After valve replacement to treat low back mitral stenosis, whether you need to take medicine anymore is a common question asked by all patients. In this regard, specialists say that after a biological or mechanical mitral valve replacement, the patient must continue to take medication and monitor.
The artificial mitral valve introduced into the body is a foreign object, so the patient needs to take anticoagulants, which are drugs that help thin the blood, make the two valves not "stuck", operate easily, also It's like we regularly oil our door hinges.
The second drug to take is heart failure medication, antiarrhythmic drugs if unfortunately the patient has...

5. What to do after mitral valve replacement?

Mitral valve replacement does not limit the patient's normal activities in daily life. However, the patient needs to work, rest and exercise according to the doctor's advice. When taking anticoagulants, there are some "incompatible" foods, so you should not eat much because they easily contribute to bleeding. Patients should strictly follow the diet as advised by the doctor.

6. When should the mitral valve be rechecked?

While taking anticoagulation, the patient will have symptoms of natural root bleeding, nosebleeds or gastrointestinal bleeding, hemiplegia... must quickly go to the nearest hospital with a heart specialist. circuit to declare their status, without delay!
When suddenly coughing up pink foam, fatigue, shortness of breath...after mechanical mitral valve replacement, you must quickly go to a cardiologist or a hospital with cardiology to have an echocardiogram to check if Is the valve stuck?
Anticoagulants are a double-edged sword, so the patient must follow the doctor's instructions closely, do not make up after forgetting, do not skip a dose, do not arbitrarily increase or decrease the dose depending on their health or fatigue. feeling!
Need to check by examination and echocardiography, periodic blood test every 3-6 months/after that.
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