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Myelogram blood test is the manipulation of marrow aspiration to test blood to give the evaluation and analysis of blood cells, marrow cells, the ability to form blood in the bone marrow... to diagnose the causes of anemia or Identify serious illnesses.1. Overview
A myelogram is a quantitative and qualitative analysis of bone marrow cells to evaluate hematopoietic function and to suggest possible causes of bone marrow hematopoietic dysfunction.Blood myelogram is usually indicated for the following cases:
Find K-cell metastases in bone marrow. Evaluation of hematopoietic status in bone marrow before and after chemotherapy. Peripheral blood cell tests suspect blood disease. Evaluation of the patient's status with malignant lymphoma. Hematopoietic disorders and diseases affecting the bone marrow. Take a bone marrow sample for a stem cell transplant and other related procedures.
Xét nghiệm huyết tuỷ đồ đuwocj chỉ định tìm tế bào K di căn tuỷ xương
2. Blood marrow test procedure
Performed by:Specialist Specialist Nursing technician Instruments used:
In-situ antiseptic tools Hemostatic materials Root canal needles Syringe 5-10ml 02 test tubes with EDTA anticoagulant Kit marrow smear, Giemsa and reticulocyte staining. Cell counters or alternative devices. Local anesthetic (Lidocaine 2% or Xylocaine 2%). Optical microscope.
3. Procedure for performing a blood marrow blood test
The doctor explains to the patient the procedure and purpose of the blood marrow blood test. The nurse performed the anesthetic test first. The doctor instructs the patient to lie prone on a hard bed, using an antiseptic solution (70 degrees alcohol or 5%) to disinfect the patient's posterior superior iliac spine. Inject 02 tubes of Novocaine (or Lidocaine 2%) in the iliac spine at the site of the aspiration procedure. Insert the needle perpendicular to the skin surface, withdraw the needle to aspirate 1-1.5ml of bone marrow. Remove the syringe containing the spinal fluid and give it to the technician. Withdraw the needle and cover the puncture site with sterile gauze. The technician put the spinal fluid into the EDTA anticoagulation tube and mixed well. Count bone marrow fluid on an automatic cell counter and record the results of white blood cells and red blood cells. The technician injects spinal fluid onto the slide, pulls 4 slides and performs Giemsa staining. Allow to dry, apply oil and slide on 10X, 40X, 100X objective lenses. Count the number of marrow cells. Make judgments and evaluation results based on staining specimens and notify the patient.
Quy trình thực hiện xét nghiệm huyết tủy đồ
4. Result analysis method
It is necessary to carefully observe the morphological characteristics on the stained blood smear, compare with the measured parameters with the actual one. If there is an abnormality, it is necessary to immediately determine whether it is due to a disease or a technical error.Compare the results obtained with the reference value of healthy people.
Data to be analyzed
Red blood cells: increased or decreased number, shape, size, color, percentage of immature red blood cells, reticulocytes distributed on the specimen (to assess the hematopoietic ability of marrow bone, determine the cause of anemia ) Platelets: number and concentration of platelets, platelet size. Leukocytes: measure the percentage of immature leukocytes, nuclear structure, protoplasm and specific granules with no abnormalities. Myelocytes: measure the number, morphology of marrow cells and abnormalities (if any). Note:
Technicians should note that all necessary parameters must be recorded. Specify the necessary characteristics on a case-by-case basis, paying special attention to values outside the normal range. Only make affirmative conclusions when there are certain factors because in most cases, it only allows to suggest the direction of diagnosis. Your doctor may recommend additional tests if needed for a diagnosis. Vinmec International General Hospital is a high-quality medical facility in Vietnam with a team of highly qualified medical professionals, well-trained, domestic and foreign, and experienced.
A system of modern and advanced medical equipment, possessing many of the best machines in the world, helping to detect many difficult and dangerous diseases in a short time, supporting the diagnosis and treatment of doctors the most effective. The hospital space is designed according to 5-star hotel standards, giving patients comfort, friendliness and peace of mind.
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