Intellectual, epilepsy, language and motor disorders after traumatic brain injury

This is an automatically translated article.

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Huynh An Thien - Neurosurgeon - Department of Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital
The brain is the control center of the central nervous system, responsible for all human behavior, with a special structure, each area of ​​the brain is nourished by a separate blood vessel, that's why if Unfortunately, with a traumatic brain injury, the patient can face dysfunction of the brain region, causing intellectual disorders, epilepsy, language and movement disorders...

1. Causes of traumatic brain injury

The patient will have a traumatic brain injury if subjected to a strong force on the head and face, the extent of the injury depends on many factors. In life, some common causes of traumatic brain injury include:
Due to a fall, this is the most common cause commonly seen in the elderly and young children. Due to a traffic accident. Violence. Experiencing sports injuries.

2. What are the consequences of traumatic brain injury?

Patients with brain injury may experience one or more different disorders. In general, the consequences of brain damage are not mild, potentially affecting the patient's later life.
Although the patient can be treated in time, but post-traumatic brain failure still occurs and causes consequences such as:
Causes the patient to have a language disorder Language disorder is one of the consequences that patients may have to face after traumatic brain injury, it can be breathing disorders, vocal disturbances in the larynx, reverberation disorders, vocal dysfunction...
Department The reason this happens is because of the weakness and paralysis of the organs related to the speech function, not in the language center, which causes the patient's language to be "distorted" or misleading, causing It is not clear to the listener, but in fact, the patient's language store is still intact and the ability to use language is still intact.
Patients with seizures, epilepsy Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common causes of epilepsy in people aged 15-25 years. According to statistics, patients with post-traumatic epilepsy can account for 5% of traumatic brain injuries, in cases of trauma caused by war wounds, this rate can increase to 30%.
When the brain is damaged, it will cause nerve cells to be destroyed, and at the same time, the damage combined with cellular oxidative stress will create a strong inflammatory response and leave irreversible scars. recovery, so that even though the patient has been treated for traumatic brain injury, they still have seizures and epilepsy.
According to specialists, patients with epilepsy, convulsions after traumatic brain injury will correspond to millions of damaged nerve cells and make nerve conduction increasingly disordered. more likely to have intermittent seizures.
Epileptic seizures after traumatic brain injury can occur at any time after the trauma. The cause of brain damage is also considered the basis for doctors to assess the likelihood of having an epileptic seizure in a patient.
Post-traumatic brain failure Brain failure syndrome after traumatic brain injury often manifests itself more clearly than other debilitating syndromes. In this case, the person will scream, struggle, or re-enact situations that have injured themselves. Usually, this psychological disturbance will occur in the first few years after the trauma, then disappear completely.
Brain failure also makes patients always in a state of fatigue, memory loss, difficulty remembering new knowledge, inflexible thinking and erratic emotions, difficult to control themselves... Also There are cases where the patient falls into a state of indifference, slowness, lethargy, lack of initiative. Brain failure after traumatic brain injury will become more severe when encountering a number of unfavorable factors such as mental, emotional, excessive labor, infection, alcohol consumption...
Intellectual disturbance, After traumatic brain injury, patients are likely to have intellectual disorders, manifested by partial or total memory loss, and at the same time loss of the ability to evaluate, criticize and do mental work. Patients can only do some manual work that does not require high technology. In severe cases, the patient also loses all instinctive activities and the ability to serve himself.
In addition, after traumatic brain injury, patients may also experience some disorders with schizophrenia-like symptoms, ideas of being followed or jealous, Paranoid syndrome, paranoia, personality changes ... are all manifestations of intellectual disorders.

3. Basic principles to help restore brain function after injury

According to some scientific studies, to help effectively restore brain functions after injury, in addition to treatment, direct impact on brain cells needs to ensure the following factors: must enhance the formation of new neural connections and regenerate those that have been interrupted. Enhance blood circulation to the brain by combining exercise and supplementing with essential nutrients to help nourish a healthy brain. Protect and limit the deterioration of brain cells. Minimize the impact of harmful factors on brain cells. Traumatic brain injury can cause dangerous complications, affecting the patient's whole life, proactively preventing traumatic brain injury is the best way to protect your own health.

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