How is central serous retinopathy treated?

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was consulted with an eye doctor - Department of Medical Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital

Central serous chorioretinopathy is common in fundus disease, arising in the macula. Treatment of central serous retinopathy in the direction of support and support or the use of laser burning. However, possible complications should be considered.

1. Central serous chorioretinopathy

Central serous retinitis is a common form of fundus disease, arising in the macula. The disease is characterized by the detachment into the fluid form of the retinal nerve epithelium.
The disease usually occurs in people 20 years of age and older. Men meet more than women. Rarely seen in young and old people. The disease is common in one eye, has a recurrent nature, many authors report a recurrence rate of up to 30% within two years.

2. Causes of disease

The cause of central serous chorioretinopathy is still unclear, possibly due to a number of factors such as allergy due to infection, local circulatory obstruction, vasospasm, damage to the retina, and other factors. mentality.
Central serous chorioretinopathy causes disease in the vascular fascia, under the effect of many different causes. The capillary layer of the choroid is changed locally, causing the protective function of the retinal pigment epidermal layer at the macula to be damaged, forming a crack with a tight structure. Fluid from the vascular layer of the choroid through the fissure penetrates the inferior layer of the retinal nerve epithelium, draining the fluid of the epiglottis.
The main pathological change of the disease is fluid accumulation under the retina at the macula, pushing the retina forward.

3. Diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy

Symptoms Subjective symptoms:
- Patients with blurred vision, not exactly the same, usually reduced to 5/10 to 6/10 if the disease recurs many times, vision may be only 1/10 to 2/10 . Patients see objects deformed, distorted, curved. Looking at many objects far, small. - Sometimes when looking at the color, the most changes are pale, light and yellow. - Presence of relative central or semi-central opacity, this can be detected by the Amsler grid. Patients sometimes have headaches, eye pain.
Objective symptoms: - Fundus examination revealed dark macula, reduction or loss of central light. High convex lesions with reflective margins, sometimes the whole circle, sometimes only a part of the circle, can detect deposits usually after 4 weeks of illness, yellow color, small round like needle tip, scattered In the damaged area, these dots do not re-enter and persist for many months, dissolving very slowly. - Examining by biomicroscopy, we will see that the first time the retina is divided into two parts: + The inner part has transparent blood vessels that protrude towards the vitreous chamber. + the outer part is the pigmented epithelium and the middle is the subretinal fluid
- The diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy is mainly based on fluorescein angiography: fluorescein angiography is a basic examination, it allows us to understand the pathogenesis of this disease. The fluorescence image is shown by the appearance of a dot leaking from the choroidal capillary through Bruch's membrane, through the pigmented epithelium into the sloughing space. There are many forms of fluorescence leakage: dot shape is found in the majority, in addition, feather, umbrella shape can be seen.

4. Treatment of serous central chorioretinopathy

Benign progressive central serous chorioretinopathy. There are many authors commented that the disease can be cured within 4-6 months. But in fact, many authors also admit about 15% of disease recurrence. Treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy: - Because it is not known why causes vasomotor, capillary, choroidal and pigmented epithelium disorders, the treatment direction is uncertain. - Using photocoagulation - laser burns the leak two diameters from Fovea. Many authors reported good results, less disease recurrence. - Besides, combining treatment with vasodilators, reducing edema, and enhancing nutrition. - Can be used in combination with traditional medicine. The prognosis of central serous chorioretinopathy is generally benign. The recurrence rate has been reported by some authors to 30% or even up to 50%.
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