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Diabetic nephropathy belongs to the group of microvascular complications of diabetes. Renal complications in diabetic patients include glomerular complications, renal atherosclerotic disease, and renal and urinary tract infections. To better understand kidney complications in diabetics and how to prevent complications, please read the content shared below.1. What is diabetic nephropathy?
Diabetic nephropathy is a diabetic complication that occurs in the kidneys. Approximately 40% of diabetic patients have kidney disease complications. It is the leading cause of end-stage chronic kidney failure.
The disease has the following characteristics:
Continuous albuminuria (over 300mg/day), at least 2 times within 3-6 months. The kidney's ability to filter out toxins gradually decreases. Hypertension, which can appear in the early stages (for people with type 2 diabetes) or later.
2. Renal complications in diabetic patients
Diabetic kidney disease causes many consequences such as:
Causes urinary tract infections, especially in women and people with urine backlog in the bladder. Causes severe atherosclerosis in the renal arteries and the accompanying dehydration can lead to the risk of occlusion of the blood vessels supplying the kidneys (renal infarction). Renal papillary or papillary necrosis occurs in patients with upper urinary tract infections. The patient has a high fever, bloody urine and possibly acute kidney failure.
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3. Causes of kidney complications in diabetic patients
There are several factors that increase the risk of kidney disease complications in patients with diabetes. They are:
Hyperglycemia: A factor that causes kidney damage to develop faster. Meanwhile, if blood sugar is stable, kidney damage in diabetics will take place more slowly. Increased glomerular filtration rate in patients with diabetes and hypertension will both promote the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Heredity: People with diabetes with a family history of hypertension or cardiovascular disease are at increased risk for kidney complications. Other risk factors: Hyperlipidemia, smoking, long-term diabetes, low birth weight,...
4. Guidelines for the prevention of renal complications in patients with diabetes
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Based on the cause of diabetic nephropathy complications, we can prevent kidney complications by combining some of the following solutions:
Control blood sugar: Maintain HbA1c index below 7% Regular check-ups for doctor's advice, adjustment of diet and exercise accordingly. Good blood pressure control: Keep your blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg. Reduce protein in the daily diet: Ensure the level of 0.8g protein/kg body weight/day. Control blood lipids: Adjust weight to achieve BMI below 25kg/m2 and reduce salt in the diet to less than 2.4g/day. Exercise: At least 150 minutes/week to improve kidney function. Quit smoking. Keeping a comfortable, optimistic mood, repelling stress, fatigue,... Taking medicine to treat accompanying diseases should consult a doctor because some drugs such as antibiotics, drugs for joint pain, .. . can make kidney disease worse. Pay attention to screening for diabetic nephropathy in all type 1 diabetic patients 5 years after diagnosis and on the date of diagnosis for type 2 diabetes. This helps doctors detect kidney complications in the patient in time. diabetes patients for timely and effective treatment. It can be seen that diabetic nephropathy can easily lead to many dangerous complications such as kidney failure or even death. Therefore, diabetics should focus on screening for kidney disease and proactively prevent this dangerous complication. Vinmec International General Hospital is implementing a Cardiovascular and Diabetes Screening Package, which includes the most accurate and complete tests and assessment of kidney status, helping patients with diabetes have a appropriate treatment regimen to avoid dangerous complications of kidney disease.
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