Effects of wine on human health

This is an automatically translated article.

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Nguyen Thi Ngoc - General Internal Medicine - Endocrinology - Department of Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital. Doctor has more than 10 years of studying, researching and working in the field of endocrinology.
Studies have found that consuming a moderate amount of wine along with a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables offers many health benefits. The most commonly used wine is red wine, because it provides many antioxidants, increases longevity and helps fight heart disease, stroke, inflammation...

1. Wine overview

Wine is made from fermented grapes. Grapes are picked, crushed and placed in vats to ferment. Fermentation turns the natural sugars in the water into alcohol. However, fermentation can happen naturally, but it will sometimes be controlled by the winemaker.
There are two types of wine:
White wine : created with grapes that are pressed before fermentation. Red wine: made with grapes pressed after fermentation.

2. The difference between red wine and white wine

The main difference between white and red wine is that the color of the grapes used is also related to whether the grapes are fermented with or without the skin.
To make white wine, the grapes used to make wine are pressed and the skins, seeds, and stems are removed before fermentation. In contrast, with red wine, the crushed red grapes are transferred directly to the barrel and fermented with the skins, seeds, and stems. The grape skins for red wine are rich in pigments as well as contain many healthy compounds, such as tannins, resveratrol... much lower than red wine.

3. Effects of red wine on health

Red wine is made by crushing and fermenting dark colored grapes. There are many varieties of red wines that vary in flavor and color. Popular varieties include: Shiraz, Merlot, Cabernet sauvignon, Pinot noir and Zinfandel. The alcohol content in red wine usually ranges from 12-15%.
Some effects of red wine on health:

3.1. Red Wine Contains Powerful Antioxidant Compounds (Resveratrol)

Grapes are fruits rich in antioxidants including: resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin and proanthocyanidin. Antioxidants especially resveratrol and proanthocyanidins are believed to have health benefits.
Proanthocyanidins can reduce destruction as well as oxidation in the body. Besides, they can also help prevent heart disease and cancer.
Resveratrol found in grape skins acts as an anti-oxidant. This antioxidant has been linked with many health benefits, including fighting inflammation and blood clotting as well as reducing the risk of heart disease and cancer. In addition, Resveratrol when tested with animals resulted in an increased lifespan of these animals. Therefore, Resveratrol also has the effect of prolonging life. However, the resveratrol content of red wine is quite low.

3.2. Red wine may reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke and early death

A small amount of red wine will provide more health benefits than any alcoholic beverage. Research shows that people who drink about 150ml of red wine a day seem to have about 32% lower risk of disease than those who don't drink. Because, a small amount of red wine can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by keeping HDL-cholesterol in the blood. Overall oxidative damage and oxidation of LDL-cholesterol can also be reduced by up to 50%.
In addition, other studies have also shown that red wine has a beneficial effect on elderly people at high risk of heart disease, or it also works to reduce the risk of stroke in men or reduce the risk of stroke. blood pressure.

3.3. Some other health benefits of red wine

Red wine has provided a number of health benefits, most of which are due to the powerful effects of antioxidants. Some other effects of red wine include:
Reduces cancer risk. Studies have shown that moderate consumption of wine can reduce the risk of certain cancers such as colon cancer, basal cell cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. line . Reduces the risk of dementia. Drinking 1-3 glasses of wine a day may reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Reduced risk of depression. Research in middle-aged and elderly people shows that drinking 2-7 glasses of red wine per week is associated with less depression. Reduce insulin resistance. Drinking 2 glasses of red wine regularly for 4 weeks can reduce insulin resistance. Reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Moderate red wine consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women.

4. Negative health effects of drinking too much alcohol

While moderate consumption of red wine has many health benefits, consuming too much alcohol can have serious health consequences. Those effects are:
Alcoholism. Drinking alcohol regularly can lead to loss of control and alcoholism. Cirrhosis . When drinking more than 30g of alcohol (about 2-3 glasses) per day there is a risk of developing liver disease. The advanced stage of the disease is called cirrhosis. Increased risk of depression. Heavy drinkers have a higher risk of depression than moderate or no drinkers. Weight gain . Red wine contains twice as many calories as beer and sugary soft drinks. Therefore, consuming it in excess can make calories high and cause the body to gain weight. Increased risk of death and morbidity. Heavy drinking may increase the risk of diabetes in men and is associated with an increased risk of early death.

5. Recommended Red Wine Consumption

Red wine has many health benefits, but it is only when consumed in moderation, it is very effective. In Europe and America, red wine consumption is considered moderate as:
1-1.5 glasses per day for women. 1-2 drinks per day for men. There should be 1-2 alcohol-free days per week.

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Article referenced source: healthline.com
MORE:
Is red wine good for heart health? Why is white wine good for health? Signs of alcoholism and how to deal with it