Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: Symptoms and Prevention

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was written by Senior Doctor, Specialty II Tran Khac Dien - Department of Examination - Vinmec Times City International Hospital

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus, which is transmitted from person to person through mosquito bites. The disease is characterized by fever, hemorrhage, and plasma leakage that can lead to shock and death if not treated properly and promptly.

The causative agent is Dengue virus, there are 4 serotypes (D1, D2, D3, D4). In Vietnam, there are circulation of all 4 types of dengue virus, the most common is type 2. Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of dengue fever, distributed everywhere, often living in muddy places. stagnation. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are mainly used in the early morning and evening hours.

1. Symptoms of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Symptoms of the disease usually appear 4-7 days after being bitten by a mosquito carrying the virus, and last for 5-7 days. Symptoms of the disease are diverse, depending on each patient and the severity of the disease, including:
Fever, usually high fever 39-40 degrees Celsius, sudden headache, pain in the eye sockets, muscle aches Cold fatigue Congestive skin Hemorrhagic manifestations: subcutaneous hemorrhage in the form of spots, patches or mucosal hemorrhages such as nosebleeds, prolonged menstruation or early menstruation. In severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding can be life-threatening. Expression of plasma leakage: effusion in virtual body spaces such as pleura, peritoneum. Severe cases may have shock with symptoms of fatigue, lethargy, cold extremities, low blood pressure...

2. Diagnosis and prevention

To diagnose dengue fever, it is necessary to base on the epidemiological factors of the season (usually starting from June to November-December in the North, the South tends to be year round), clinical manifestations and examination. diagnostic tests such as viral tests or diagnostic sera.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a disease caused by a virus, there is no specific treatment, most cases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever can be treated on an outpatient basis without requiring hospitalization. Treatment focuses on treating symptoms (lowering fever, giving fluids) and guiding the monitoring of severe warning signs for prompt management. Severe cases require hospitalization and monitoring to manage bleeding or plasma leakage.
Currently there is no vaccine to prevent Dengue virus, so prevention measures are mainly based on mosquito prevention, including environmental hygiene measures, and personal protection from mosquito bites.

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