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Dengue blood test indicators are used to determine if a person with signs and symptoms and recent exposure has been infected with the dengue virus. Dengue fever is difficult to diagnose without these tests because the initial symptoms of the disease can be mistaken for other illnesses.
1. What is Dengue?
Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted to humans caused by mosquitoes. Mosquitoes that carry dengue virus are most common in areas of the world with tropical and subtropical climates, including Vietnam.
Most dengue patients have no symptoms or mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, and headache. These symptoms usually last for a week or longer. But sometimes dengue can develop into a much more serious illness called dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).
Dengue fever causes life-threatening symptoms, including blood vessel damage and shock. Shock is a condition that can lead to a severe drop in blood pressure and organ failure.
2. Why is a dengue blood test needed?
A blood test that detects the dengue virus or the antibodies produced in response to a dengue infection. You may need this test if you live in or have recently traveled to an area where dengue is common and you have symptoms of dengue. Symptoms usually appear four to seven days after being bitten by an infected mosquito, and may include:
Sudden high fever Inflammation of the glands A rash on the face Severe headache and/or pain behind the eyes Joint and muscle pain Nausea and vomiting Tired
Các chỉ số xét nghiệm máu sốt xuất huyết có vai trò quan trọng
3. Blood test indicators in dengue fever
3.1 Antigen test
Dengue NS1 test is usually used when a patient is suspected to have dengue fever from day 1 to day 3. After this time, antigen test may no longer be valid because after 3 days, antigen levels in If the blood count is low, the test may be negative even though the patient still has the virus in the blood.
3.2 IgM . antibody test
Antibody tests are mainly used to help diagnose current or recent infections. Two different types of antibodies have been discovered by the body in response to a dengue infection, IgG and IgM. IgM antibodies are made first and these tests are most effective when done at least 7-10 days after exposure. IgM blood levels rise for several weeks, then gradually decrease. After a few months, IgM antibodies drop below detectable levels.
3.3 IgG . antibody test
IgG antibodies are produced more slowly in response to infection. Usually, levels rise with acute infection, stabilize, and then persist. Persons who have been exposed to the virus prior to current infection maintain a blood level of IgG antibodies that may affect the interpretation of the diagnosis. This antibody appears in the patient's body after the acute phase of dengue virus infection from 10-14 days onwards and persists for life. Therefore, the IgG antibody test, which helps to check whether the patient has ever been infected with dengue virus or not, has no diagnostic value for patients with acute febrile status.
3.4 Other dengue tests
In addition to the above 3 antigen and antibody tests, based on the patient's situation, the doctor may order the following additional tests:
Total blood cell analysis: Total stool test Blood cell analysis helps monitor progress, supports diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis Electrolyte test: This test includes the index of Na+, K+, CL- ions. This test helps to evaluate the electrolyte disturbances of the body Albumin test : Helps to evaluate possible plasma leakage in patients with dengue fever. Kidney function test: This test is used to monitor the Urea, Creatinine, Cystatin C, Micro albuminuria and help detect early kidney damage due to complications of dengue fever. CRP test: This is a test to help assess the inflammatory status, differentiate the causes of fever, evaluate the phenomenon of superinfection caused by dengue fever Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals. not only ensure professional quality with a team of leading medical doctors, a system of modern equipment and technology, but also stand out with comprehensive and professional medical examination, consultation and treatment services; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.
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