Constipation, bloating and heartburn in the second trimester of pregnancy

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Posted by Master, Doctor Mai Vien Phuong - Department of Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital

Many significant changes occur in your growing fetus during the second trimester of pregnancy. Also during this exciting period, you can find out the sex of your baby and the morning sickness begins to subside. As your baby is growing, your body is changing rapidly. These changes can include digestive problems such as constipation, bloating, and heartburn. Learn more about these common symptoms and how to find relief so you can get back to enjoying your pregnancy.

1. Digestive problems and pregnancy

The digestive system is a complex network of organs that work together to help your body break down food and absorb nutrients. It includes:
Esophagus Stomach Liver Small Intestines Rectal Anal Absorption of nutrients has always been important for overall energy production and cellular function, but these roles are even more important in support fetal development.
Digestive problems occur during pregnancy due to an increase in muscle relaxant hormones in the digestive tract. Natural weight gain from supporting your baby can also put extra pressure on the digestive tract.

2. Constipation

Constipation is a common symptom during pregnancy and it is more common in the second trimester. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) defines constipation as having fewer than three bowel movements per week.
Hormone levels can affect digestion in addition to slowing bowel movements. Bowel movements may be painful or difficult and your abdomen may swell.
You may also have higher iron levels if you are taking prenatal vitamins. High iron intake can contribute to constipation.
Changing your diet is the most practical way to treat constipation during pregnancy. They are also the safest way. Natural fiber intake can offset constipation problems. The UCSF Medical Center recommends 20 to 35 grams of fiber per day.

Plant sources are your key to fiber, so make sure to eat plenty of fresh foods, whole grains, beans and legumes.
Make sure you also:
Drink plenty of water, as sugary drinks can make constipation worse Exercise regularly to encourage movement in your bowels As a last resort, your doctor may recommend Use a laxative or fiber supplement to soften and ease bowel movements. Never take these without checking with your doctor first. Diarrhea is a common side effect of these products, which can lead to dehydration and cause pregnancy complications.
Slower digestion in the second trimester can lead to gas accumulation causing:
Distention Abdominal pain Abdominal cramps gas Repeated bowel movements
You can't change the way your digestive system works during pregnancy, but you can help speed it up by avoiding foods that trigger gas. Consider cutting back:
Carbonated drinks Dairy products Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower Garlic Garlic Spinach Potatoes Beans and other high-fiber foods you should only cut back if you don't have a problem with constipation The way you eat and drink can also make bloating worse. Try to eat small meals and eat slowly to avoid swallowing air. If changing your eating habits doesn't help, talk to your doctor about supplementing with over-the-counter (OTC) gas-reducing products. Don't take any supplements or herbs without consulting your doctor first.

3. hot

sourness occurs when acid in the stomach leaks back into the esophagus. Also known as acid reflux, heartburn actually doesn't affect the heart. Instead, you may feel an uncomfortable burning sensation in your throat and chest immediately after eating.
Many foods can contribute to heartburn. Even if you didn't have acid reflux prior to pregnancy, you may want to consider avoiding:
Greasy and fried foods Spicy foods Garlic Onions Caffeine Eating large meals and before lying down can also lead to heartburn. Elevate your pillow at bedtime to help prevent heartburn at night. Call your doctor if you have frequent heartburn, at least twice per week. They may recommend OTC antacids for relief.

4. When to see a doctor

Mild digestive upset is normal in the second trimester, but a few symptoms can increase the redness. Call your doctor right away if you have:
Severe diarrhea Diarrhea that lasts more than two days Black or bloody stools Severe abdominal pain or cramping Pain related to gas that comes and goes every few days minute; these can really be labor pains Conclusion
Your body goes through many changes during pregnancy and some of these changes can be uncomfortable. Related symptoms such as digestive problems will be relieved after labor. Be sure to discuss any concerns or serious symptoms with your doctor.

To protect mother and baby during pregnancy, Vinmec provides a package Maternity service to help monitor the health status of mother and baby comprehensively, periodically check antenatal care with leading obstetricians and gynecologists. full range of tests, important screening for pregnant women, timely advice and intervention when detecting abnormalities in the health of mother and baby.
For detailed information about all-inclusive maternity packages, please contact the hospitals and clinics of Vinmec health system nationwide.

Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.

References
Common discomforts of pregnancy. (2016). marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/common-discomforts-of-pregnancy.aspx Eating during pregnancy. (2017). familydoctor.org/eating-healthy-during-pregnancy Eating right before and during pregnancy. (n.d.). ucsfhealth.org/education/eating_right_before_and_during_pregnancy/index.html Problems of the digestive system. (2014). acog.org/~/media/For%20Patients/faq120.pdf Your digestive system and how it works. (2017). niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/digestive-system-how-it-works