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Suicidal thoughts and behaviors are formed due to many different reasons. People with suicidal thoughts and behaviors need to be detected and treated promptly. At the same time, the prevention of suicide is a matter of responsibility for the whole family and society.
1. The concept of suicide
Some definitions of suicide are as follows:Suicidal ideation: the patient has thoughts of wanting to die, is thinking, considering or planning to commit suicide but has not yet acted. Suicidal thoughts range from fleeting thoughts to specific thoughts, brooding about suicide to detailed planning. Attempted suicide: the patient has consciously thought about killing himself, then commits suicide but fails to complete it. Suicide: the patient has completed the act of self-death (completionary suicide). MORE: Why do depressed people commit suicide?
2. The causes and methods of suicide
2.1.Causes of suicidal behavior People with mental illness: major depression (especially when accompanied by delusions of guilt), bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia, dissociative disorder.
Delusions, dominant hallucinations in alcoholic and synthetic psychosis
Impulsive behavior in catatonic syndrome.
Twilight state of consciousness, restlessness, restlessness.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, HIV, paralysis after a cerebrovascular accident cause patients to lose faith and hope, fall into a state of sadness, depression and do not want to live.
Psychological trauma:
Too disappointed, sad or too sad about a certain issue that cannot be resolved Feeling stuck, life has no way out. Suspicious, abused, suspected, unjustly resentful, abandoned, stigmatized, discriminated against After losing a loved one, after a divorce
Có nhiều nguyên nhân khác nhau dẫn đến tự sát
2.2. Methods of suicide Suicide patterns can be either violent or non-violent, depending on the cause, nature and detail of the suicide plan, and the intensity of the suicidal ideation. Common methods such as:
Fasting (fasting food) Self-asphyxiation Self-injury, blood loss Self-immolation/electric shock Drink poison
3. How to prevent suicidal behavior
Suicide is a mental emergency that is preventable and treatable. To prevent people from committing suicide requires cooperation between family and society. Measures that can be taken to prevent suicide include:
Early detection and treatment of mental disorders, substance use disorders; have an acute psychological trauma. If a person is found to have suicidal thoughts or behavior, they should immediately take them to a psychiatric hospital for timely examination and treatment. enough, especially for diseases requiring maintenance drug treatment. Increase education and communication on suicide Management policy to reduce substance abuse. Train healthcare workers on suicide assessment and prevention. Well control the means used to commit suicide for example: poisons, pesticides, weapons. Follow-up care for people who have experienced suicide and help them reintegrate into the community. Building a healthy, positive lifestyle, especially in children and adolescents. Closely monitor people in high-risk groups: people with mental disorders, children, the elderly, alcoholics, drug addicts, gamblers, people who have had suicidal ideation/behavior in the past. Put up signs, set up rescue and rescue teams at places with high risk of suicide such as large bridges, high-rise buildings, ...
Phát hiện sớm và điều trị tình trạng rối loạn tâm thần giúp giảm tỉ lệ tự sát
4. Care and first aid for people who commit suicide
Depending on the suicide method and the patient's condition, appropriate first aid measures are taken.
Fasting (fasting): explain to the patient about eating, answer doubts about food. In case the patient is uncooperative, nutritional tablets or parenteral nutrition can be used. Using toxic drugs such as sleeping pills, pesticides, gas poisoning, CO: it is necessary to separate the patient from the toxic factor. Next is to check the patient's circulation and breathing. If cardiac arrest occurs, CPR should be performed immediately. At the same time, emergency personnel should call 911 to receive instructions and quickly transfer the patient to the nearest medical facility. Self-injury such as stabbing, cutting the wrist: check the patient's circulation and respiration if cardiac arrest occurs, cardiopulmonary resuscitation must be performed immediately. Apply pressure and temporary bandages to stop bleeding and quickly transfer the patient to the nearest medical facility. Asphyxiation, electric shock lead to respiratory arrest requiring immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation. At the same time, emergency personnel should call 911 to receive instructions and quickly transfer the patient to the nearest medical facility. Suicide, depending on the degree, will affect the health and psychology of the patient. Therefore, when seeing a loved one showing abnormal signs or committing suicide, the patient should soon go to a medical center with a specialty in Psychology to be examined, examined and treated by a doctor. necessary.
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