This is an automatically translated article.
Endometrial biopsy is a test to diagnose endometrial cancer. This is a mandatory requirement in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer to assess whether the lesion is a benign or malignant form of cancer; assessment of histological grade, histological type and primary cancer in the endometrium or cervix.
1. What is endometrial cancer?
Endometrial cancer is cancer that forms due to malignant tumors that develop in the lining of the uterus. This type of cancer is common in postmenopausal women.
Causes and risk of endometrial cancer are due to:
Women in menopause and perimenopause : Endometrial cancer is common in women over 50 years old and premenopausal. Being on hormone replacement therapy: The reason is that when treatment has to be used in high doses for a long time, it increases the possibility of endometrial cancer because of hormonal changes. Overweight, obesity: Obesity increases the risk of endometrial cancer because it metabolizes Androstenedion in subcutaneous fat, causing increased estrogen. Family history: If someone in your family has had endometrial cancer, your risk is higher.
Phụ nữ thừa cân làm tăng nguy cơ ung thư niêm mạc tử cung
Signs to recognize endometrial cancer:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding: This is a typical warning sign of endometrial cancer. Bleeding is often accompanied by menopausal abdominal pain or bleeding between periods; At the same time, the menstrual cycle is often prolonged in non-menopausal women. Vaginal discharge is abnormal in color and has a fishy odor. Blood in the urine, difficulty urinating or burning pain when urinating: It is caused by a large, painful uterine lining tumor. Burning pain during sex: This is a typical sign that many people experience.
2. Diagnosis of endometrial cancer by biopsy method
2.1. What is endometrial cancer biopsy? Endometrial biopsy is a test to diagnose endometrial cancer. This is a mandatory requirement in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer to assess whether the lesion is a benign or malignant form of cancer; assessment of histological grade, histological type and primary cancer in the endometrium or cervix.
No endometrial biopsy when:
During pregnancy No endometrial biopsy during or after menopause Has acute pelvic inflammatory disease; coagulopathy; acute inflammation of the cervix, vagina; Cervical narrowing Cervical cancer
Niêm mạc tử cung bị ung thư cần được sinh thiết
2.2. Steps to perform a biopsy of endometrial cancer Step 1: The patient lies on his back on the examination table, elevates his leg and presses his foot on the pedal to keep his leg. Step 2: The doctor will insert the lubricated speculum into the vagina and then use the speculum to widen the vaginal wall. The doctor uses a special substance to clean the cervix. Step 3: Then use a needle to take a small sample of the membrane lining the inside of the patient's uterus. Step 4: These samples will be observed under a microscope to look for abnormal cells that cause endometrial cancer. 2.3 Endometrial biopsy results Normal results: No abnormal cells or cancer were found
Abnormal results: You may have a benign tumor; endometrial hyperplasia ; Cancer or precancerous signs.
Kết quả sinh thiết niêm mạc tử cung
3. Treatment of endometrial cancer
Methods used to treat endometrial cancer are surgery and radiation therapy.
There are two surgical methods: Laparoscopic surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Radiation therapy: is an effective treatment for late-stage endometrial cancer. Treatment stages for endometrial cancer:
Treatment of stage I: Complete removal of the uterus, bilateral appendages and removal of pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes. Adjuvant radiation therapy when there are poor prognostic factors. In cases where endometrial cancer has spread to the cervical canal and deepens, a Wertheim operation is required. Treatment stage II: 4 to 6 weeks later, post-operative radiation to the whole pelvis is carried out, then brachytherapy. If there is damage to the large cervix, then radiation first and then surgery. Treatment stage III: continue surgery and radiation therapy. If surgery is possible, complete hysterectomy and radiation therapy; In case of not being able to operate, radiation with a local radium needle and hormone chemotherapy. Treatment of stage IV: When endometrial cancer is late stage or has recurred at distant location, it must be treated with anti-pain, anti-bleeding and compression radiation.
Xạ trị giúp điều trị ung thư niêm mạc tử cung
4. Prevention of cervical cancer
Women, especially those who have had sex and have had a gynecological infection, should visit a gynecologist every 6 months so that the doctor can detect endometrial cancer.
Use medicines and pharmaceutical preparations rationally.
Limiting risk factors: Daily genital hygiene, especially after sex or during menstruation; not having sex with many different people; good weight control, diabetes, high blood pressure, inflammation, endometrial hyperplasia...
Breastfeeding is recommended: This reduces ovulation and the action of estrogen helps you prevent prevention of endometrial cancer and some other cancers such as: breast cancer,...
Treatment of abnormal bleeding: Find out the cause and have timely treatment when there is abnormal bleeding.
Định kỳ khám sức khỏe phụ khoa giúp phát hiện bệnh lý sớm
In order to help customers detect and treat other gynecological diseases early, Vinmec International Hospital has a basic gynecological examination and screening package, helping customers detect early inflammatory diseases Easy, inexpensive treatment. Screening detects gynecological cancer (cervical cancer) early even when there are no symptoms.
Basic gynecological examination and screening package for female customers, has no age limit and may have the following symptoms:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding Having menstrual problems: irregular menstrual cycle, irregular menstrual cycle Irregular vaginal discharge (smell, different color) Vaginal pain and itching Female clients have several risk factors such as poor personal hygiene, Unsafe sex, abortion,... Female customers have other symptoms such as: Abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, pain in the private area, abnormal vaginal bleeding. To register for examination and treatment at Vinmec International General Hospital, you can contact Vinmec Health System nationwide, or register for an online examination HERE
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