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Losartan is an active ingredient that inhibits Angiotensin II binding to the AT1 receptor. Losartan has many different trade names, including the drug Lanzaar 50. So how is Lanzaar 50 indicated and recommended dosage?
1. What is Lanzaar 50?
What is Lanzaar 50? Lanzaar 50 is a product of Berlin Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd. (Thailand), the main ingredient is the active ingredient Losartan potassium 50mg and some excipients just enough in 1 tablet. Lanzaar 50 is in the form of film-coated tablets, packed in a box of 3 blisters x 10 tablets. The active ingredient Losartan in Lanzaar 50 and its active metabolites inhibits the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone secretion effects of angiotensin II. The mechanism of action of Losartan is to selectively inhibit the binding of Angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor present in many body tissues (such as vascular smooth muscle or the adrenal gland). The active metabolite of Losartan is 10 to 40 times more potent than itself by dose and is a competitive, reversible AT1 receptor blocker.
One feature to note is that neither Losartan nor its active metabolite inhibits ACE (also known as the enzyme that converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II and degrades Bradykinin), nor does it inhibit or binds to other hormone receptors and does not affect ion channels that regulate the cardiovascular system.
2. Indications and contraindications of Lanzaar 50
Lanzaar 50 is usually indicated in the following cases:
Treatment of hypertension, especially in people with cough when taking ACE inhibitors and limiting the risk of stroke in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. ; Treatment of kidney complications due to diabetes with serum creatinine levels between 1.3-3.0mg/dl in patients under 60kg and 1.5-3.0mg/dl in men over 60kg and positive proteinuria; Lanzaar 50 is also used in patients with heart failure and myocardial infarction. However, Lanzaar 50 should not be used (contraindicated) in patients with hypersensitivity to Losartan potassium or any of the excipients contained in the drug.
3. Dosage, how to use Lanzaar 50
Lanzaar 50 is in the form of film-coated tablets for oral use. The recommended dosage of Lanzaar 50 is as follows:
Treatment of hypertension: Adults: The usual starting dose is 1 Lanzaar 50 tablet taken once daily. When necessary, the dose can be increased to 2 Lanzaar 50 tablets (equivalent to 100mg Losartan) taken once or divided into 2 times daily. The maximal blood pressure control effect is usually achieved 3 - 6 weeks after administration of Lanzaar 50; An initial dose of 1/2 Lanzaar 50 (25 mg Losartan) orally once daily is recommended for patients with intravascular volume depletion or for patients with impaired hepatic or renal function; Children 6 years of age and older with hypertension can be started with 0.7mg/kg orally once a day, up to a maximum of 1 Lanzaar 50 tablet, and can then be adjusted according to the child's response. . Doses higher than 1.4mg/kg or 100mg/day have not been studied; Dosage of Lanzaar 50 for patients with kidney complications due to diabetes: The starting dose is 1 Lanzaar 50 tablet taken once daily, then can be increased to 2 Lanzaar 50 tablets depending on the level of blood pressure response.
4. Side effects of the drug Lanzaar 50
Common adverse effects with the use of Lanzaar 50 (Losartan) are usually mild and transient, including dizziness, headache, orthostatic hypotension (dose related).
Excessive hypotension may occur during treatment with Lanzaar 50, especially in patients with intravascular volume depletion due to causes (eg, high dose diuretics).
More rare side effects of Lanzaar 50 are impaired renal function, rash, urticaria, itchy skin, angioedema and elevated liver enzyme levels. Some patients may experience hyperkalemia, muscle pain, and joint pain while taking Lanzaar 50.
The advantage of Losartan is that it causes less cough than other angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Some other side effects of Lanzaar 50:
Respiratory dysfunction; Backache; Digestive disorders ; Tired; Decrease in neutrophils; Losartan rhabdomyolysis is very rare.
5. Lanzaar 50 . Drug Interactions
Drug interaction studies have not identified significant pharmacokinetic interactions between Lanzaar 50 and the diuretics Hydrochlorothiazide, Digoxin, Warfarin anticoagulant, H2 antihistamine cimetidine and Phenobarbital.
Rifampin, an inducer of the losartan metabolizing enzyme, may reduce the concentration of losartan and its active metabolite when co-administered. Therefore, Lanzaar 50 should not be combined with Rifampin.
Fluconazole, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 CYP2C9, may decrease the concentration of the active metabolite but increase the concentration of losartan.
Like other AT1 Angiotensin II receptor blockers, losartan may itself increase serum potassium and the risk is greater when patients are taking potassium-sparing diuretics (eg, spironolactone, triamteren or amiloride). , potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium.
As with other antihypertensive agents, the antihypertensive effect of Lanzaar 50 may be reduced when used concomitantly with Indomethacin (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug).
6. Be careful when using Lanzaar 50
Use Lanzaar 50 with caution in patients with renal artery stenosis.
Losartan can be excreted in the urine and bile, therefore the dose of Lanzaar 50 should be reduced in patients with impaired renal function and caution should be exercised when prescribing treatment in patients with hepatic impairment. Cases of intravascular volume depletion from any cause with Lanzaar 50 are at risk of excessive hypotension. Therefore, patients should be corrected for intravascular volume depletion prior to Lanzaar 50 or should be initiated at a low dose only. Because Lanzaar 50 has the potential to lead to hyperkalemia, patients should have their serum potassium levels monitored regularly, especially in elderly patients with impaired renal function. There are no studies on the adverse reactions of losartan with the ability to drive and use machines. However, when performing these tasks, patients receiving Lanzaar 50 must be aware of the effects of dizziness and drowsiness, especially at the beginning of use or when the dose is increased. When used during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, drugs that directly affect the renin-angiotensin system (such as Losartan in Lanzaar 50) have the potential to cause damage, even death, to the fetus. developing fetus. Therefore, Lanzaar 50 should not be used in pregnant women and, if used, should be discontinued as soon as possible when pregnancy is confirmed. Since Lanzaar 50 has the potential to harm a nursing infant, consideration should be given to whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, depending on the importance of Lanzaar 50 to the mother. Lanzaar 50 has the main active ingredient Losartan potassium 50mg and some excipients just enough in 1 tablet. Lanzaar 50 is usually indicated for the treatment of high blood pressure, people with kidney complications due to diabetes. In addition, Lanzaar 50 is also used in patients with heart failure and myocardial infarction. To ensure the effectiveness of treatment, patients need to carefully read the instructions and consult a doctor or pharmacist to avoid unwanted side effects.
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