The four standard treatments used for bladder cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Treatment depends on the stage of the disease, the age, and the health of the patient.

Bladder cancer originates from many types of cells, in which the rate of bladder carcinoma accounts for the absolute majority (98%), the highest rate among urinary tract cancers and the second most common in genitourinary tract cancers. The male/female ratio is 2.7/1 and is more common in whites than blacks. If diagnosed early and treated promptly, the 5-year survival rate for bladder cancer can be as high as 80%.