In cases of stable hemodynamics, uncomplicated wounds, and images of foreign bodies in the lungs and pleura, endoscopic surgery through the chest wall combined with a small incision is often used for treatment.

Endoscopic pleural peeling is the main and ideal treatment method for chronic pleural empyema after failed drainage because at this stage, fibrin accumulates in the visceral pleura, gradually forming a thick fibrous capsule, preventing the lung from expanding.

Pleural hematoma is a condition in which a blood clot forms and accumulates in the pleural cavity. Endoscopic pleural hematoma removal is the main procedure performed to completely remove the pleural hematoma.

Pulmonary artery stenosis is a congenital heart disease. When severe, it will cause right heart failure. The main treatment is pulmonary artery stenosis, which has a high success rate and positive results.