Recent advances in endoscopic technology allow detailed visualization of the gastric mucosa. Today, endoscopy is used in the diagnosis of gastritis to determine the presence/absence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to assess the risk of gastric cancer. In 2013, the Japanese Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy advocated the Kyoto classification, a new endoscopic classification system for gastritis.