Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder. It can be fatal if not treated promptly. Normal blood potassium is 3.5 -5mmol/l. Hypokalemia occurs when potassium is < 3.5 mmol/l.

Electrolytes play an important role in the human body, directly related to important metabolic processes. These substances are provided through drinking water and food. If electrolytes are lost, it will seriously affect health, so it is necessary to maintain their daily supply to the body.

Magnesium is essential for many metabolic processes, yet hypomagnesemia is common in hospitalized patients, especially those who are critically ill. Given the high morbidity and mortality reported in hypomagnesemic patients, prompt diagnosis and treatment are of utmost importance. This article will review the basics of magnesium including laboratory evaluation, causes of hypomagnesemia, and provide guidance on effective ways to treat magnesium deficiency.