Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is a process in which hematopoietic stem cells from a donor are transferred to a recipient with the aim of developing and replacing part or all of the recipient's hematopoietic cell system. The source of stem cells can come from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.

MS is considered an autoimmune disease. When the disease is active, parts of the immune system, primarily cells called T cells, attack the myelin sheaths that surround nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. This leads to inflammation.

Dangerous complications of multiple sclerosis can lead to paralysis, loss of mobility, language or vision... therefore, diagnosing multiple sclerosis to have appropriate treatment methods to limit complications of the disease is very important.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, usually occurring in women between the ages of 20 and 30. It is caused by the body's immune system attacking the protective layer around nerve fibers (myelin), leading to effects on the brain and spinal cord.

In most patients with multiple sclerosis, there is typically a period of months or years after the first symptom episode before new symptoms appear or old symptoms return. Eventually relapses and incomplete resolution of symptoms lead to increased disability, such as paralysis, spasticity, and visual impairment.

Multiple sclerosis – MS in its early stages can be difficult to detect because symptoms can come and go for months or even years without any other symptoms. The first sign most people notice is unexplained muscle weakness or tingling, numbness, and most often starts in the leg muscles.