This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor II Quach Nguyen Thu Thuy - Pediatric Center - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.Currently, the subjects of vaccination against HPV infection are not only concentrated in women, but also widely applied to men such as the Gardasil vaccine. The best subjects for vaccination are between 9 and 26 years old, have never had sex, it is ideal and have had sex and can still be vaccinated.
1. Learn about HPV?
HPV stands for Human Papilloma Virus - a virus that causes warts and papillomas in humans. More than 95% of cervical cancers are found to be caused by the HPV virus. HPV is also associated with other cancers such as squamous cell cancers of the anus, vulva, vagina, and penis. HPV is a virus that can be transmitted through sexual contact. Sexual activity is a natural part of life, so the risk of contracting the human papillomavirus (HPV) is inevitable.There are about 100 types of HPV, of which 40 cause diseases in the human genital organs and 15 are particularly dangerous. In which, virus types 16, 18 are the cause of cervical cancer in women; Penile cancer in men and head and neck cancers, types 6 and 11 are the cause of genital warts/herpes in both men and women.
HPV infection through direct contact or unprotected sex is associated with a risk of over 90% of anal cancers, about 70% of oropharyngeal cancers and over 60% of cases penile cancer. Men who have sex with men are 17 times more likely to develop HPV-related anal cancer than heterosexual men
There is no specific treatment to eliminate the virus HPV. Therefore, to prevent dangerous diseases caused by HPV virus, the most effective measure is still the HPV vaccination.
Tuổi nào nên tiêm phòng hpv là thắc mắc của nhiều người
2. Who is the HPV vaccine recommended for?
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in humans, moreover, after being infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV) virus, there are no symptoms, no pain or fever, so the patient is very sick. hard to recognize. In fact, you may not know you've been infected at all until you have genital warts or a Pap test due to other unusual symptoms. Therefore, the possibility of infection is extremely large, and it can be said that every person is infected with the human papillomavirus virus at least once in their life.Vaccines - vaccines against the human papillomavirus (HPV) help protect the body against the strains that are the main cause of genital warts and cervical cancer.
Currently two vaccines are commonly used are Gardasil and Cervarix . Gardasil was approved for circulation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006, and Cervarix was approved for circulation the following year, 2007. Differences between the two vaccines This is in the number of strains of the human papillomavirus that can be prevented.
Currently, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has made recommendations: Routine vaccination of both girls and boys is done at the age of 11 or 12 , can also be started at the age of 9 ; over 26 can still be vaccinated depending on the case. In particular, the HPV vaccine should be given to all men who have sex with men until age 45.
However, the best age to vaccinate against HPV is from 9 to 26 years old (the golden age for vaccination is from 9 to 13 years old) with 03 reasons:
First, vaccination against cervical cancer in The younger the person, the higher the immune response, because more antibodies are produced. Second, children can contract HPV even without sex or sexual contact. The risk of infection occurs through contact with underwear, swimwear... Today, some girls start to have sex earlier and parents often do not predict. Therefore, the earlier the vaccination is given, the less chance that a child has been exposed to and infected with HPV before vaccination. Third, the vaccine is effective for up to 30 years. Parents also do not worry that early vaccination will reduce long-term effectiveness. Experts recommend that children should receive all three injections according to the 0-2-6 month regimen and do not need to do any tests before the injection. For men or women who are not sexually active, vaccination is ideal and very effective, but after having sex, it is also advised to get vaccinated early because in reality, one or more infections can occur. Some strains of HPV virus, after being in close contact with a partner, still get vaccinated to help prevent high-risk strains that have not yet been contracted.
For special populations such as children with a history of sexual abuse or sexual violence, it is recommended to start routine HPV vaccination at age 9; For men who have sex with men, routine HPV vaccination is recommended as for men in general and may be continued through age 26 if not previously fully vaccinated.
In the case of transgender people, routine HPV vaccination is recommended and possibly up to the age of 26 if not fully vaccinated before. In cases of special medical conditions, the ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all women and men receive 3 doses of HPV vaccine as a 0, 2, and 6 month course of action. between the ages of 9 and 26 with primary or acquired immunodeficiency with a poor humoral or cell-mediated immune response as in the case of B-lymphocyte antibody deficiency, a defect in a All or part of T-lymphocytes, HIV infection, malignant neoplasm, organ transplant, autoimmune disease or on immunosuppressive regimen.
Độ tuổi tốt nhất để tiêm phòng vacxin HPV là từ 9 đến 26 tuổi
3. Commonly used HPV vaccines
Currently, there are two types of HPV vaccines used in Vietnam: Gardasil (USA) and Cervarix (Belgium). These two vaccines have some basic differences in terms of the number of preventable strains of HPV, the target population, the vaccination schedule, and the preventive effect.2.1 Cervarix vaccine Origin: (GlaxoSmithKline – Belgium) Cervarix vaccine protects against 2 strains of human papillomavirus 16 and 18, approved for use in women between the ages of 10 and 25 to prevent cervical cancer .
Includes 3 injections: 1st dose: is the day of the first injection.
Nose 2: 1 month after the first dose
Nose 3: 6 months after the first dose.
Benefits : Prevents cervical cancer
The best time to get the HPV vaccine is before you start having sex. That's why the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S. CDC) recommends getting this vaccine at age 11 or 12, or as early as possible starting at age 9. If your child is 13 years or older and has not been vaccinated, you can still get the vaccine after the age of 26. In Vietnam, the HPV vaccine as recommended by the vaccine manufacturer is only given to women during ages 9 - 26 years
Cervarix vaccine: If it is necessary to change the vaccination schedule, the 2nd dose can be given 1 to 2.5 months after the 1st dose and the 3rd dose at the time of vaccination. score 5 to 12 months after the first dose. There is currently no recommendation for booster injection
Usage: Cervarix is used for intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle area
2.2 Gardasil vaccine: Origin: Gardasil vaccine (Merck Sharp & Dohme - USA) Gardasil vaccine: Bao Protects the body against 4 strains of human papillomavirus, 6, 11, 16 and 18. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved use for women of all ages. 9 through 26 to help prevent genital warts and cancers of the cervix, vagina, clitoris, and anus. Gardasil is also approved for use in men 9 to 26 years of age to prevent genital warts, penile cancer, and anal cancer.
Includes 3 injections: 1st dose: is the day of the first injection.
Nose 2: 2 months after the first dose.
3: 6 months after the first dose.
Effects: Prevention of cervical cancer, penile cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, genital warts and anal cancer
Cervical, vulvar, vaginal cancer: by In the composition, there are 2 types 16 and 18. Genital warts (genital warts): because there are 2 types 6 and 11 in the composition. When the injection cannot be given on schedule according to the protocol, a flexible injection schedule can be applied such as: After: Nose 2 is at least 1 month apart from 1st shot, and 3rd dose is at least 3 months apart from 2nd shot.
How to use:
Gardasil vaccine is indicated for intramuscular injection of the deltoid muscle of the arm or into the anterolateral region of the upper thigh. The 0.5ml single dose vaccine is intended to be administered as-is, without the need to reconstitute or dilute the vaccine. The vial should be shaken well before injection. After shaking Gardasil it will be a white turbid liquid. Before use, if a foreign object or abnormal physical sign is observed, it should be removed. Do not vaccinate. Use a sterile syringe to remove 0.5 ml of vaccine from the vial. The vaccine should be administered as soon as it is removed from the vial.
Có 2 loại vắc xin phòng HPV được sử dụng tại Việt Nam
Vinmec General Hospital provides HPV vaccination services for those in need. Choosing to vaccinate at Vinmec, customers will have complete peace of mind, because:
Customers will be monitored before, during and after vaccination at Vinmec Health System and always have an emergency team ready to coordinate Coordinate with vaccination department to handle cases of anaphylaxis, respiratory failure - circulatory arrest, ensuring timely and correct treatment when problems occur. Vaccines are imported and stored in a modern cold storage system, with a cold chain that meets GSP standards, keeping vaccines in the best conditions to ensure quality. Customers will be examined by specialized doctors, fully screened for physical and health problems, advised on preventive vaccines and injection regimens, how to monitor and care after vaccination before Indications for vaccination according to the latest recommendations of the Ministry of Health & World Health Organization to ensure the best effectiveness and safety for customers. The team of specialists and nurses are experienced and professional, understand customer psychology and apply effective pain relief during the vaccination process. 100% of vaccinated customers are monitored 30 minutes after injection and reassessed before leaving.
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
