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Itopride medicine 50mg is indicated for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux conditions, indigestion, diseases and symptoms related to the intestinal tract and stomach. To learn more about Itopride, its uses and ingredients, learn more in the article below.1. What is itopride?
The main ingredient of Itopride is Itopride Hydrochloride, content 50mg. Itopride HCl is an active ingredient that acts on dopamine receptors to stimulate acetylcholine release and inhibit acetylcholine breakdown. Active ingredients can improve gastrointestinal motility and promote gastric emptying. Itopride Hydrochloride is widely used in medicines to improve the symptoms of chronic gastritis, upper abdominal pain and other stomach and digestive diseases.Pharmacodynamics of Itopride 50mg
Itopride hydrochloride is a benzamide derivative with properties similar to metoclopramide. M3 receptors are present in the smooth muscle layer throughout the intestine, and acetylcholine (ACh) released from enteric nerve terminals stimulates smooth muscle contraction through the M3 receptors.
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) hydrolyzes and inactivates the released ACh, thereby inhibiting gastric motility and causing a variety of digestive disorders. Along with ACh, dopamine is present in significant amounts in the gastrointestinal tract and has several inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal motility, including lower esophageal constriction and reduced gastric pressure. These effects result from inhibition of ACh release from enteric motor neurons and are mediated by dopamine. Type mediated D2 receptor.
Itopride hydrochloride increases gastrointestinal motility with the dual effect of increasing Ach release by antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors and inhibiting the breakdown of released Ach by inhibiting AchE,... Also , Itopride exerts an antiemetic effect based on its interaction with the dopamine D2 receptor, the central receptor for chemical stimuli. This effect is dose-dependent and demonstrated by inhibiting apomorphine-induced vomiting in dogs. Itopride hydrochloride increases gastric motility in awake dogs in a dose-dependent manner. Itopride hydrochloride improves gastric emptying in humans, dogs and rats. Itopride has a very specific effect on the upper gastrointestinal tract. Itopride has no effect on plasma gastrin concentrations.
Pharmacokinetics of Itopride 50mg
Absorption of Itopride 50mg: Itopride hydrochloride is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Due to first-pass metabolism in the liver, the relative bioavailability is about 60%. Food does not affect the bioavailability of the drug. Maximum plasma concentrations are reached 30 - 50 minutes after taking 50 mg of Itopride hydrochloride. Following repeated dosing of 50 mg to 200 mg three times daily for 7 days, Itopride hydrochloride and its metabolites showed linear pharmacokinetics and low drug accumulation. Distribution of Itopride 50mg: Approximately 96% of Itopride is bound to plasma proteins, mainly albumin. Of these, less than 15% are bound to alpha1 acid glycoprotein. In rats, Itopride was widely distributed in tissues (Vdβ = 6.1 liter/kg), except the central nervous system; High concentrations are achieved in the kidneys, small intestine, liver, adrenal glands and stomach. Protein binding is lower in rats than in humans (78% vs 96%). Itopride has little penetration into the central nervous system. Itopride is excreted in the milk of lactating rats. Metabolism of the drug Itopride 50mg Itopride is extensively metabolised in the liver. Three metabolites have been identified, only one of which has minimal activity and is virtually pharmacologically unrelated (approximately 23% potency of Itopride). Itopride is metabolized by the enzyme flavin monooxygenase (FMO3). The number and efficacy of human FMO isozymes may be related to gene polymorphisms that can cause a rare autosomal recessive disorder commonly known as trimethylaminuria. Patients with trimethylaminuria may have a longer half-life. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies of CYP enzyme-mediated responses have not shown that Itopride inhibits or induces CYP2C19 and CYP2E1. Administration of Itopride did not affect CYP status or uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase activity. Elimination of Itopride 50mg: Itopride and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine. Elimination of Itopride and NOxide after a single treatment in healthy subjects was 3.7% and 75.4%, respectively. The half-life of Itopride is approximately 6 hours.
2. Uses of Itopride 50mg
Itopride drug is used in the treatment of the following cases:Symptoms of gastritis such as bloating, indigestion, epigastric pain. Feeling of loss of appetite. Ợ gas, heartburn. Feeling nauseous and vomiting. Gastroesophageal reflux . Contraindications of the drug Itopride 50mg:
Do not use Itopride drug for people who are sensitive to the components of the drug. Pregnant and nursing women should not use this medicine unless directed by a doctor. Do not take this medicine if you have problems with stomach bleeding, a blockage or perforation in your stomach, a history of Parkinson's disease, or need to correct your dopamine levels. Itopride should be used with caution in the elderly and children. Itopride is a fairly new drug. Therefore, be careful when using medicinal drugs. Do not use the drug without the prescription or guidance of a specialist doctor.
3. How to use Itopride 50mg effectively?
3.1. Dosage and usage of Itopride 50mg
Usage:Itopride should be taken before meals. The best time is to drink about 1 hour before eating, on an empty stomach. Swallow the medicine whole with water. Biting, chewing, breaking or crushing a medicine can change the texture of the medicine and make it less effective. Do not self-medicate, even if you notice signs of remission. Talk to your doctor before you decide to stop using the medicine. Dosage:
For adults: 3 times a day, 1 tablet each time. The dose can be reduced depending on the age and medical condition of the patient. Children: The safety and effectiveness of Itopride have not been studied. For patients with hepatic or renal impairment: Itopride is metabolised in the liver. Itopride and its metabolites are excreted mainly by the kidneys. Patients with impaired liver or kidney function should be carefully monitored and monitored. If adverse effects occur, appropriate measures such as weight loss or discontinuation of treatment may be required. For the elderly: The elderly have reduced physiological functions and are prone to side effects. Therefore, elderly patients receiving this drug should be carefully monitored, especially those with renal dysfunction, comorbidities, or concomitant use of other drugs. Appropriate treatment if side effects occur: Reduce dose or discontinue medication. What to do if you overdose: Get immediate medical attention if your condition or symptoms become severe and out of control.
What to do if you miss a dose: If you forget, use it as soon as you remember it. If the missed dose is close to the next dose, skip it and use the next dose as scheduled. Note, you should not use a double dose at the same time, that can increase the risk of experiencing more severe drug toxicity.
3.2. Note/caution when using Itopride
Use with caution because the drug increases the activity of acetylcholine. Long-term use is not recommended unless gastrointestinal symptoms improve. Because this medicine contains lactose, patients with rare hereditary problems of lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency and glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine. There are no studies or evidence on the safety and efficacy of itopride in pregnant women. Therefore, it is necessary to consider and consult a doctor before using the drug. An experiment in rats showed that Itopride was excreted in milk. Therefore, women who are breastfeeding should not use Itopride. No effect on machine operation or ability to use machines is expected, but a risk of decreased alertness cannot be excluded as the drug may cause tremors, headache, dizziness and irritability. Patients are advised to avoid hazardous activities requiring vigilance, such as working at height, operating machinery, driving, etc.Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
