This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted with Specialist Doctor I Tran Van Sang - Dermatologist - Department of Medical Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital.erysipelas is a group of localized infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissues (soft tissues). Is an infection caused by bacteria, the most common are two types of bacteria, hemolytic streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. The disease has acute manifestations of red, swollen, edematous, widespread, with systemic manifestations such as fever, fatigue and nearby peripheral lymphadenopathy. Most patients with red halo can be treated at home, only a few cases need to be hospitalized for monitoring and treatment. Depending on the severity of the injury, the doctor will prescribe a treatment method.
1. What is erysipelas? Causes of red erysipelas
Erysipelothricosis is an infection that occurs in the top layer of the skin. Ringworm is usually caused by a bacterium called Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. This bacterium is slender, gram-positive with shell, non-spore forming, non-motile, aerobic with a global distribution, mainly saprophytes.Patients develop infections caused by this bacterium mainly in the work environment, which often accompanies wounds in those who handle animals with unprotected hands (e.g. Infected human carcasses containing contaminated human remains. bacteria E. rhusiopathiae, processed products such as grease, fertilizers, bones, animal shells).
The infection that causes erysipelas can also be bitten by a cat or dog. Skin infections are rare, often occurring as arthritis or endocarditis.
This inflammation affects the epidermis and dermis, spreading to the lymphatic vessels at the surface of the skin. Note, erysipelas is different from erysipelas.
2. Symptoms of erysipelas
Within 1 week after the injury, the patient appeared characteristic symptoms in the injured area as follows:The skin is purplish red, not scalded. Hard skin, rash appears, accompanied by an itchy, burning sensation like a burn. Localized, although well-defined, swelling of the hand is often the site of infection. The red border of the wound spreads slowly, causing discomfort, this condition can last for 3 weeks. Usually the wound will heal on its own without treatment. However, there are also cases of patients with red erysipelas causing symptoms of swollen lymph nodes. erysipelas rarely becomes a systemic disease of the skin, and is characterized by a central degenerative purple skin lesion, plus a bullous-like lesion. Sepsis is the rarest symptom. If left undetected, prompt treatment can lead to arthritis or infective endocarditis, even in people without pre-existing valvular disease. To diagnose whether the patient has erysipelas or not, the doctor will order PCR. Real-Time PCR is a technique for culturing a thick biopsy specimen below the surface of the skin, because the organisms are located only in the deep part of the skin. Cultures of fluid from nodules can be predictive of isolation from synovial fluid or blood. Therefore, the PCR method can support the rapid diagnosis of red halo dermatitis.
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3. Methods of treating red halo disease
Most of the patients with erysipelas can be treated at home, only a few cases need to be hospitalized for monitoring and treatment. Depending on the severity of the injury, the doctor will prescribe treatment. Treatment measures include:Treat the disease with antibiotics Penicillin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or clindamycin. To reduce symptoms of swelling, pain and help the wound heal, the patient can apply some measures such as applying cold compress or applying pain reliever in the inflamed area to reduce discomfort and burning; Elevate the affected area to reduce swelling; drink enough water for the body; Clean and care for wounds on the skin regularly with salt water.
4. Prevention of erysipelas
To avoid the risk of erysipelas , you need to take the following measures:Always clean skin wounds carefully. Treat foot fungus if present. Use a skin moisturizer to prevent dry and chapped skin. Avoid scratching the skin. Good treatment of skin diseases (if any). In short, erysipelas is usually caused by a bacterium called Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The disease can be dangerous if the virus enters the bloodstream causing sepsis. Therefore, as soon as they notice signs of suspicion of red halo infection, the patient should go to a reputable medical facility for timely treatment.
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