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Trexall belongs to the group of high-dose anti-cancer drugs and low-dose immunosuppressants. The drug is indicated in the treatment of acute leukemia, bladder, cervical, ovarian ... However, Trexall can cause some unwanted side effects such as allergies, diarrhea, deficiency blood...1. Mechanism of action of the drug Trexall
Trexall interferes with the production of DNA, thereby stopping the growth and division of cancer cells. The Methotrexate component of Trexall competes with the absorption of folic acid in cells, making this acid deficiency and leading to cell death. With this influence will change the process of DNA replication and cell division.
2. Indications for the use of Trexall
Trexall drug is indicated for the treatment of acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, soft tissue tumor, bone tumor, tumors in breast, lung, head, neck, bladder, uterus...
Trexall drug may also be contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity to the drug's ingredients, liver failure, alcohol abuse...
Trexall is indicated for use in oral tablet form. The dose of the drug will be prescribed by the doctor for each specific case. Therefore, patients need to adhere to the use of Trexall medication exactly as prescribed by the doctor.
Trexall blood levels can be affected by certain drugs or foods. Therefore, patients need to avoid so as not to affect the effectiveness of drugs, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, folic acid...
3. Side effects and some notes on the use of Trexall
Using Trexall during treatment may experience some unwanted side effects. Depending on the specific case, there will be different levels of reaction. When experiencing symptoms of side effects, patients should discuss with medical staff for timely support.
Allergic reactions: In some cases, patients may experience chest pain, rash, flushing, itching... Nausea and vomiting may occur when using Lumakras. You can tell your doctor to prescribe medication to help control nausea or vomiting. In addition, the doctor will also prescribe appropriate dietary changes to improve the current medical condition. For example, the patient should avoid using foods that can aggravate these symptoms such as foods that are greasy, fatty or spicy.... Diarrhea: Diarrhea may occur. for cases treated with this drug. So your doctor may prescribe some medications to help improve diarrhea. In addition, patients should use low-fiber foods, boiled chicken, white rice, to limit diarrhea. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of non-alcoholic, caffeinated water each day to limit dehydration. Infection with neutropenia when using Trexall. White blood cells play an important role in the body's fight against infections. During treatment with Trexall, the white blood cell count may decrease, increasing the risk of infection. Patients may experience symptoms such as fever over 38 degrees Celsius, colds, sore throat, shortness of breath, burning when urinating and pain states that do not go away... When the patient experiences the above signs should immediately notify the treating doctor for examination and medical assistance promptly. A low red blood cell count leads to anemia. When the number of red blood cells is low, the patient's body will be tired, shortness of breath, chest pain. If the red blood cell count is too low, a blood transfusion is needed. Decreased Platelet Count: Platelets function in the body's blood clotting process. Therefore, when the platelets in the body decrease, the patient has a high risk of bleeding. Mucositis: Some cancer treatments can cause ulcers or pain in the mouth and throat. If the patient experiences signs of pain in the tongue, mouth, and throat, notify the doctor so that they can help improve the inflammation. Patients should limit the use of alcoholic water, should only rinse their mouth with salt water diluted with warm water, use a soft toothbrush, should drink a lot of water to avoid too dry mouth... Falling or thinning scalp and body hair loss when using Trexall. Your hair may become thinner and more prone to breakage starting 2-3 weeks after treatment with the drug. In some cases, total body hair may be lost, including pubic hair, underarm hair, legs, eyelashes, nose... Nail and skin changes: Fingernails and toenails may become dark , easy to break, fall off. Therefore, the patient keeps fingernails and toenails clean. Nail polish can be used, but fake nails are not allowed. The patient's skin is also quite sensitive to the sun. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the sun between 10 and 2 pm, because this is when the light intensity is strongest. In combination with that, the patient should use sunscreen daily. Secondary malignancies: There is very little risk of developing diseases with Trexall, such as leukemia, sarcoma, lung cancer, or other cancers. The disease can occur after many years of treatment and is often associated with high therapeutic doses and frequency of repeated treatment. Causes conditions related to kidney disease. Trexall can cause an increase in creatinine, so people with cancer treated with this medicine need to have their blood tests periodically monitored. If you experience decreased urine output, blood in your urine, swollen ankles or loss of appetite, you should immediately notify your doctor. Tumor lysis syndrome: If there are a large number of tumor cells in the body, the use of Sprycel may increase the risk of tumor lysis syndrome. Then the tumor cells die too quickly and their waste overwhelms the body. Radiation recall occurs when Trexall is used together with sunburn-like skin reactions. The patient may be treated with a topical steroid ointment and delay the next dose of chemotherapy. Changes in the lungs that may be encountered when using Trexall: Pneumocystis pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia. The drug Trexall can cause hepatotoxicity and the patient should be monitored through the liver function blood test results to have a timely treatment plan. Trexall may cause eye irritation or tearing due to sensitivity to light. Trexall can affect the reproductive organs causing menstrual cycles or sperm production to stop. Women may experience menopausal effects of hot flashes and vaginal dryness. Direct exposure of the fetus to Trexall can cause birth defects. Therefore, if the patient is pregnant or planning to become pregnant, Trexalla should not be used. Both women and men should practice effective birth control if treated with Trexall for at least 1 week after treatment. Above is information about uses, dosage and precautions when using Trexall. You need to strictly follow the instructions on the dosage and the way to use it to promote the effectiveness of the treatment and ensure the safety of taking the drug.
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Reference source: oncolink.org
