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Moxilen 500mg is an antibiotic used to treat patients with upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bronchitis, urogenital tract infections... To better understand the use of Moxilen 500mg. What is, please refer to the article below.
1. What is Moxilen?
Moxilen 500mg is an ETC drug used to treat infections and prevent endocarditis, gonorrhea, intra-abdominal infections and many other cases caused by bacteria.
Moxilen 500mg drug has the following ingredients:
Amoxicillin (in the form of Amoxicillin trihydrate) with a content of 500mg equivalent to Amoxicillin 250mg. Excipients: Magnesium stearate just enough. Dosage form: Moxilen 500mg is prepared in the form of hard capsules.
1.1. Pharmacodynamics:
Amoxicilline is an aminopenicillin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.
1.2. Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: amoxicillin is stable in gastric acid. Absorption is unaffected by food and is more rapid and complete from the gastrointestinal tract than ampicillin. Distribution: Amoxicillin is rapidly distributed into most body fluids, with the exception of brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid, but when meninges are inflamed, amoxicillin diffuses readily. After taking a dose of 250mg of amoxicillin 1-2 hours, the concentration of amoxicillin in the blood reached about 4-5mcg/ml, when taking 500mg, the concentration of amoxicillin reached 8-10mcg/ml. Elimination: Approximately 60% of an oral dose of amoxicillin is excreted unchanged in the urine within 6-8 hours. The half-life of amoxicillin is approximately 1 hour, prolonged in neonates and the elderly. In patients with renal impairment, the half-life of amoxicillin is approximately 7-20 hours.
2. What are the uses of Moxilen 500mg?
Moxilen 500mg with the main active ingredient is Amoxicillin - a semi-synthetic penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic. The mechanism of action of Amoxicillin is to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, often associated with PBPs to inhibit Mucopeptide biosynthesis. Amoxicillin is stable in acidic media but not resistant to beta lactamases produced by bacteria.
2.1. Effect of Amoxicillin
on aerobic bacteria. Gram-positive: Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains only), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans pyogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus anthracis,... Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella, Shigella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Vibrio cholerae, Pasteurella septica, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella species,... On gram-positive anaerobes: Clostridium species 2.2 Indications of the drug Moxilen 500mg
Otitis media . Urinary tract infection: cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, urinary tract infection during pregnancy. Pneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis. Gynecological infections, gonococcal infections. Peritonitis, bacteremia. Endocarditis. Skin and soft tissue infections. Dental abscess. Typhoid and paratyphoid. Combination in treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori.
3. Side effects of Moxilen 500mg
Drug side effects are uncommon or rare and are mostly mild and temporary.
Hypersensitivity reactions: Skin rash, itching, urticaria; erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome toxic epidermal necrolysis and bullous and exfoliative dermatitis and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). If any of the above disorders occurs, treatment should not be continued. Angioedema (Quincke's edema), anaphylactic reactions, serum sickness and hypersensitivity vasculitis; interstitial nephritis.
Gastrointestinal reactions: Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; intestinal candidiasis; antibiotic-associated colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis and hemorrhagic colitis).
Effects on the liver: As with other beta-lactam antibiotics, hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice may occur.
Effects on the kidneys: Crystalline urine.
Hematological effects: Transient leukopenia, transient thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia; prolongs bleeding time and prothrombin time. Central nervous system effects: Hyperactivity, dizziness and convulsions. Convulsions may occur in patients with renal impairment or in those taking high doses of the drug.
4. Drug interactions
When Moxilen is used concurrently with:
Allopurinol: increased risk of rash. Oral anticoagulants: There may be an increase in INR when Acenocoumarol or Warfarin is used. Prothrombin time and INR should be monitored but when these drugs must be used concurrently and anticoagulation can be reduced if necessary. Contraceptives: Amoxicillin can kill intestinal bacteria, inactivate the intestinal cycle, reduce the concentration of oral contraceptives in the blood, so it affects the contraceptive effect of these drugs and increases the chance of unintended pregnancy. would like. Methotrexate: Decreased elimination leads to increased plasma concentrations and toxicity of Methotrexate. Probenecid will decrease excretion and increase plasma concentrations of Amoxicillin. Probiotics: Probiotics can be ineffective if taken too close together.
5. How to use Moxilen 500mg effectively?
5.1 Dosage of Moxilen 500mg Dosage for adults and the elderly
Standard dose: 250mg x 3 times/day. This dose may be increased to 500 mg 3 times/day in severe infections.
The maximum total daily dose should not exceed 6g divided into several doses. It is recommended to use 3g twice daily in the treatment of severe infections or recurrent purulent infections of the respiratory tract.
Special Precautions
Simple acute urinary tract infections can be treated with 3g x 2 times every 10 -12 hours.
Tooth abscesses can be treated with 2 doses of 3g every 8 hours.
Gonococcal infections can be treated with a single dose of 3g.
Patients with renal impairment
Excretion rate of amoxicillin is reduced, the dose is reduced depending on the degree of renal impairment.
Glomerular filtration rate > 30ml/min: No dose adjustment required. Glomerular filtration rate 10-30ml/min: maximum dose Amoxicillin 500mg twice daily. Glomerular filtration rate <10ml/min: maximum dose Amoxicillin 500mg/day. Moxilen is used in combination with a proton pump inhibitor and other antibacterial agents for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease with the following regimen: Omeprazole 40 mg once daily, Amoxicillin 1 g twice daily. /day, clarithromycin 500mg twice a day for 7 days or Omeprazole 40mg once a day, Amoxicillin 750mg-1g twice a day, Metronidazole 400mg three times a day for 7 days.
Dosage for children under 10 years old
125mg x 3 times/day. This dose may be increased to 250mg 3 times/day in severe infections.
Dose for children < 40 kg with renal impairment
Creatinine clearance > 30mL/min: No dose adjustment required. Creatinine clearance 10-30 mL/min: 15 mg/kg twice daily (maximum 500 mg twice daily). Creatinine clearance less than 10mL/min: 15mg/kg/day once (maximum 500mg/day). In severe cases or recurrent acute otitis media, replacement therapy at a dose of 750 mg twice daily for 2 days may be indicated for children 3 to 10 years of age.
5.2 How to use Moxilen 500mg effectively You need to follow the doctor's instructions and sometimes can be combined with other drugs or antibiotics to increase the effectiveness of treatment because antibiotic resistance is increasingly difficult to control .
Do not arbitrarily stop the drug or prolong the time of taking the drug or increase the dose without consulting a qualified person.
Do not take simultaneously with probiotics.
You should take the drug right before a meal to minimize the phenomenon of drug intolerance in the gastrointestinal tract and ensure the maximum absorption of the drug.
5.3. Treatment of overdose The basic symptoms are predicted to occur in the gastrointestinal tract such as nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. There is no specific antidote for amoxicillin. Apply symptomatic and supportive treatment. Especially it is necessary to maintain the balance of water and electrolytes. Overdose will usually result in high urine concentrations. Maintenance of appropriate fluids and urine output also prevents the possibility of amoxicillin crystalluria. Particular attention is paid to patients with renal failure. Amoxicillin is also eliminated by hemodialysis.
5.4. How to handle a missed dose Information on how to handle a missed dose of Moxilen 500mg is still being updated.
6. Notes when using and storing drugs
6.1. Notes and cautions When using the drug can cause false-positive urine glucose test results if chemical tests are used, so if urine glucose testing is necessary for patients taking Moxilen 500mg, it should be tested. by catalyzing the enzyme glucose redox reaction.
6.2. Storage of Moxilen 500mg You should store the medicine in a cool, dry place with a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees Celsius and out of reach of children.
For expired drugs, you should not throw them in the trash, but you can bring them to the pharmacy to take measures to recall and dispose of expired drugs properly and somewhat limit the phenomenon. drug resistance.
With all the information about the drug Moxilen 500mg will help the process of use achieve high efficiency, safety as well as ensure the treatment process is better.
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