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Flucloxacilin is a penicillin antibiotic with bactericidal mechanism by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis but resistant to staphylococcal penicillinase. So, what is Flucloxacillin 1g used for? Here are some things to keep in mind when using this drug.
1. What are the effects of Flucloxacilin 1g?
Flucloxacillin is used primarily for the treatment of infections caused by the antibacterial staphylococcus benzylpenicillin, including endocarditis, peritonitis, pneumonia, skin infections, toxic shock syndrome, musculoskeletal infections and prophylaxis surgical infection.
This drug is contraindicated in the following cases:
Patients with hypersensitivity to oxacilin and other antibiotics of the betalactam group or hypersensitivity to any component of the drug. Subconjunctival administration.
2. Dosage and how to use Flucloxacilin 1g
2.1 Dosage Adults: Intramuscular injection, slow intravenous injection or infusion: 250-500mg/time, 4-6 hours/time. In severe cases, it can be used at a dose of 1g / day.
Children:
Premature babies and neonates: Intramuscular or intravenous injection 6.25mg/kg body weight/time, 6 hours/time. Children weighing less than 40kg: Intramuscular or intravenous injection 12.5-25mg/kg body weight/time, every 6 hours or 16.7mg/kg, every 4 hours. Children weighing 40 kg: Can be used with the adult dose. Renal Impairment: If creatinine clearance is <10ml/min, use the low end of the usual dose.
Duration of treatment: Depends on the type and severity of infection and is determined according to clinical and bacteriological response to treatment. In severe staphylococcal infections, treat with oxacillin for at least 1-2 weeks. When treating endocarditis, the duration may be longer.
2.2. How to use Powder for Injection:
Intramuscular: Add 5.7 nml of distilled water for injection into the vial of Flucloxacilin 1g powder for injection, shake well to dissolve completely. Intramuscular injection must be injected deep into a large muscle mass. Direct Intravenous Injection: Add 10ml of distilled water for injection or 0.9% sodium injection to the vial of powder for injection, shake well to dissolve completely. Intravenous administration should be administered slowly over 10 minutes to minimize vein irritation. Intravenous infusion: Dissolve the vial of powder completely in 10ml of distilled water for injection or 0.9% NaCl injection, then dilute with the corresponding solution for infusion (5% dextrose solution, 0.9% NaCl solution). ). Stability of solution after reconstitution:
The solution after reconstitution of Flucloxacilin 500mg powder for injection is stable for 24 hours at a temperature of 2-8 degrees Celsius. Should be used immediately after reconstitution.
3. What to do when overdose, forget dose of Flucloxacilin 1g
Symptoms of overdose include neuromuscular hypersensitivity (agitation, hallucinations, postural disorders, encephalopathy, confusion, convulsions), and electrolyte imbalances with potassium or sodium salts, especially particularly in renal failure. Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Hemodialysis does not rule out flucloxacillin.
In case of missed dose, take the dose as soon as you remember. However, if the interval between the next dose is too short, skip the missed dose and continue taking it as scheduled. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
4. Side effects of Flucloxacilin 1g
When using Flucloxacilin 1g, you may experience undesirable effects as follows: Nausea, diarrhea, rash, thrombophlebitis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, possibly increased eosinophils eosin, urticaria, pseudomembranous colitis.
Renal, hepatic and blood systems should be assessed periodically during long-term treatment with flucloxacillin. Since hematologic adverse events have occurred during treatment with penicillinase-resistant penicillins, a white blood cell count and formula should be obtained prior to initiating therapy and every 1-3 times during treatment. . In addition, urinalysis should be performed periodically to measure serum creatinine, AST and ALT levels before and during treatment.
If unexplained eosinophilia, urticaria, or elevated serum creatinine are observed during treatment with Flocloxacillin, alternative anti-infective therapy should be used.
5. Flucloxacillin drug interactions 1g
Flucloxacilin 1g may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. The tetracyclines may decrease the effect of this medicine. Disulfiram and probenecid may increase serum concentrations of Flucloxacilin. Concomitant administration of large doses by intravenous injection may potentiate the effects of anticoagulants.
6. Notes and preservation
If undesirable effects occur, it is necessary to consider the severity to decide to discontinue the drug and provide appropriate supportive treatment. The risk of death due to severe hypersensitivity reactions to the drug (anaphylaxis) has been observed especially in patients treated with beta-lactams. Therefore, use requires testing for detection. When there is a history of allergy to this drug, it is imperative to contraindicate its use. There is cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins in 5-10% of cases. This led to the prohibition of penicillin in patients allergic to cephalosporins. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with most antibiotics, including oxacillin. If the patient develops diarrhea as a side effect, if it does not decrease or worsens during treatment, it is necessary to closely monitor and initiate treatment immediately and consider discontinuing antibiotic therapy. Drugs that inhibit intestinal motility should not be used in this case. No dose adjustment is required in patients with renal impairment. In patients with severe renal impairment, when combined with other drugs that can interfere with beta-lactam transport and promote their accumulation, special attention should be paid. If impaired liver function is associated with renal failure, blood levels of flucloxacilin should be monitored. The use of high doses of oxacillin in renal failure or in patients with risk factors such as a history of epilepsy, treatment for epilepsy, or neurological disorders due to meningeal damage. Use with caution in neonates because of the risk of increased bilirubin due to competition for binding to serum proteins (nuclear jaundice). Fluclocillin 1g powder for injection should not be used in combination with methotrexate. In the composition of the drug contains 2,384mmol (equivalent to 54.8mg) sodium. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients on a controlled sodium diet. Flucloxacilin can be used for pregnant and lactating women, although the drug crosses the placenta and breast milk, but no harmful effects on the fetus or breastfed child have been observed. However, only use Flucloxacilin 1g for these subjects when absolutely necessary if the benefits of taking the drug outweigh the risks. The drug should be stored in a dry place, at a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees Celsius, protected from light.
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