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Aronfat has the active ingredient Amisulpride, an atypical antipsychotic that acts as an antagonist at dopamine receptors. The drug is indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia with positive or negative symptoms.
1. What is Aronfat?
Aronfat has the main active ingredient is Amisulpride with a content of 200mg. Amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic that acts as an antagonist at dopamine receptors. Amisulpride is a selective dopamine D2, D3 receptor antagonist and has no affinity for dopamine D1, D4, D5 receptors. Amisulpride has no affinity for serotonin, alpha-adrenergic, H1-histamine and parasympathetic nerve receptors. Amisulpiride blocks presynaptic D2 and D3 receptors and induces dopamine release, which is effective for positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In addition, Amisulpride is also an antiemetic and reduces nausea and vomiting after surgery. This effect is mainly due to the blocking of dopamine signaling in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, which is the area of the brain that transmits stimuli to the vomiting center.
After oral administration, Amisulpride is rapidly absorbed with an absolute bioavailability of 48%. Amisulpride has two peaks of absorption: 1 hour and 3-4 hours after oral administration. A carbohydrate-rich meal significantly reduced peak drug concentrations, but a high-fat meal had almost no effect. After oral administration, the volume of distribution of the drug is 5.8 L/kg. The plasma protein binding rate ranges from 25% to 30% over the concentration range from 37 to 1850 ng/ml. Amisulpride is distributed into erythrocytes. Amisulpride is poorly metabolised and its metabolites are inactive. The half-life of Amisulpride is approximately 12 hours after oral administration. Aronfat is eliminated mainly unchanged in the urine.
2. Uses of Aronfat 200
Aronfat 200 is indicated in the following cases:
Treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia with positive symptoms (hallucinations, paranoia, thought disorders, ...) and/or symptoms negative (not expressing emotions, preferring to live in isolation, ...)
3. Dosage and usage
Aronfat 200 is taken orally and should be taken before meals. Dosage depends on symptoms and patient response. Note that the lowest effective dose should be used.
Adults:
Treatment of acute psychotic episodes: 400-800mg/day. In some cases the dose can be increased to 1200mg/day. Doses > 1200 mg/day have not been evaluated for safety. In case the patient has both negative symptoms and positive symptoms, priority should be given to adjusting the dose to control the patient's positive symptoms; Maintenance therapy: Use the lowest effective dose according to the patient's response. If the patient has predominant negative symptoms, take a dose of 50-300mg/day. Doses less than 300mg can be taken once a day, while doses greater than 300 should be divided into 2 times a day. Children (15-17 years old):
Take the same dose as adults and should be closely supervised by a doctor. Aronfat 200 is contraindicated in children who have not yet reached puberty. Elderly:
Use caution when using aronfat 200 for the elderly. Renal failure:
CrCl 30-60ml/min: reduce dose by 1⁄2; CrCl 10-30ml/min: take 1/3 dose; Patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl < 10ml/p): There are no data in these subjects, so special caution is required. Hepatic impairment:
The drug is not metabolised in the liver, so no dose adjustment is required in patients with hepatic impairment
4. Contraindications of aronfat 200
The patient is hypersensitive to any of the components of the drug; Prolactin-dependent tumors such as pituitary tumors, breast cancer; Pheochromocytoma; Children who have not yet reached puberty; Breastfeeding women; Patient is being treated with Levodopa.
5. Side effects of Aronfat 200
Very common:
Nervous system: extrapyramidal symptoms (tremor, muscle stiffness, impaired motor function, increased salivation, restlessness, restlessness). These symptoms are usually mild at optimal doses and resolve with anti-vibration drugs without stopping Aronfat. The frequency of these symptoms is dose dependent, with very few occurrences in patients with predominant negative symptoms receiving doses of 50-300 mg/day. Common:
Nervous system: somnolence, acute dystonia (neck torticollis, eye rotation, jaw stiffness), these symptoms will be resolved by anti-vibration anti-vibration drugs without stopping the drug; Psychiatric: anxiety, insomnia, agitation, orgasmic disorder; Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation; Endocrine system: amisulpride increases the concentration of prolactin in the blood plasma, causing lactation, amenorrhea, breast enlargement in men, breast pain, erectile dysfunction. Prolactin levels should return to normal after stopping aronfat; Cardiovascular: drop in blood pressure. Uncommon:
Nervous system: convulsions, rhythmic involuntary movements, mainly in the tongue and/or face. Anti-vibration drugs are not effective or worsen these symptoms; Metabolic: hyperglycemia; Cardiovascular: slow heart rate; Liver: increased liver enzymes, mainly transaminases; Immune system: allergic reaction. Some other side effects with clear frequency:
Blood and lymphatic system: neutropenia, agranulocytosis; Metabolic: increased cholesterol, increased triglycerides; Psychiatric: confusion; Nervous system: neuroleptic malignant syndrome; Cardiac: QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias such as torsades de pointes, ventricular tachycardia, which may lead to ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac arrest; Skin: urticaria, angioedema; Pregnancy: withdrawal symptoms in the neonate.
6. Overdose and treatment
Information on overdose cases of amisulpride is limited. There have been reports of patients experiencing signs of sedation, somnolence, coma, hypotension and extrapyramidal symptoms. Some deaths have been reported when Aronfat was combined with other antipsychotics.
In case of acute poisoning, it is necessary to find out if the patient is taking any other drug in combination. Amisulpride is poorly eliminated by dialysis and has no specific antidote. Supportive treatment measures and vital function monitoring are required until the patient recovers. If the patient experiences severe extrapyramidal symptoms, antipyretics should be used.
7. What are the precautions when using Aronfat?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome can occur with symptoms such as hyperthermia, muscle stiffness, autonomic nervous system disorders, mental status changes. If there are signs of hyperthermia (especially at high doses), the patient should stop taking the drug; There have been reports of patients experiencing hyperglycaemia while taking the drug. Therefore, blood glucose should be monitored in patients with diabetes mellitus or in patients at high risk of diabetes when initiating treatment with Amisulpride; Amisulpride may lower the seizure threshold. Therefore, patients with a history of epilepsy should be closely monitored; Use with caution in the elderly due to the risk of hypotension and sedation; Patients with Parkinson's disease should be cautious when taking aronfat because the drug can aggravate the disease; Patients who stop taking the drug suddenly after taking a high dose may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and insomnia. In addition, there may be recurrence of psychotic symptoms and the appearance of involuntary movement disorders (restlessness, restlessness, dystonia, dyskinesia); Amisulpride may increase prolactin levels. Therefore, close monitoring is required if the patient has a personal or family history of breast cancer; Pregnancy: There are limited data on the use of Amisulpride in pregnant women. So only use when the benefits outweigh the risks; Lactation: It is not known whether the drug is excreted in human milk. Contraindications to the use of Amisulpride in lactating women; Driving and operating machines: Amisulpride can cause drowsiness, so patients should be cautious when performing tasks that require alertness. Above is detailed information about dosage, how to use and note when using Aronfat. Note that the above information is for reference only and cannot replace medical personnel. Patients should consult their doctor or pharmacist before taking the drug.
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